HHAL MEDICAL NEWS JULY 2013

Short Walks Protect Against Diabetes

With an estimated 79 million Americans have pre-diabetes but showing no signs, health experts explore inexpensive preventive strategies that may help to prevent the development of type-2 diabetes.  High post-meal blood sugar is a strong determinant of excessive 24-hour glucose levels, and research suggests that people who eat a big afternoon or evening meal and often then are sedentary for the remainder of the day, are at-risk for rapid blood sugar spikes that can potentially cause damage.  Loretta DiPietro, from George Washington University School of Public Health & Health Services (Washington DC, USA), and colleagues enrolled ten men and women, ages 60 years and older, who were otherwise healthy but at risk of developing type 2 diabetes due to higher-than-normal levels of fasting blood sugar and to insufficient levels of physical activity. Subjects completed three randomly-ordered exercise protocols spaced four weeks apart. Each protocol comprised a 48-hour stay in a whole-room calorimeter, with the first day serving as a control period. On the second day, participants engaged in either post-meal walking for 15 minutes after each meal or 45 minutes of sustained walking performed at 10:30 in the morning or at 4:30 in the afternoon. All walking was performed on a treadmill at an easy-to-moderate pace. Participants ate standardized meals and their blood sugar levels were measured continuously over each 48 hour stay.  The researchers observed that the most effective time to go for a post-meal walk was after the evening meal. The exaggerated rise in blood sugar after this meal—often the largest of the day—often lasts well into the night and early morning and this was curbed significantly as soon as the participants started to walk on the treadmill.  The study authors write that: “Short, intermittent bouts of postmeal walking appear to be an effective way to control postprandial hyperglycemia in older people.”

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-06/gwus-mwt060613.php

Vitamins May Curb the Onset of Alzheimer's Disease

The medial temporal lobe is the area of the brain that atrophies to cause the cognitive decline characteristic of Alzheimer's Disease.  Gwenaelle Douaud, from the University of Oxford (United Kingdom), and colleagues administered a combination of vitamin B12 (500 µg), vitamin B6 20 mg, and folic acid, or placebo, to 156 older men and women, for a two-year period. The researchers observed that the 80 subjects receiving B vitamins showed significantly less brain degeneration, as compared to the placebo group. Specifically, the plasma homocysteine levels were lowered by 29%. Submitting that: "Our results show that B-vitamin supplementation can slow the atrophy of specific brain regions that are a key component of the [Alzheimer's Disease] process and that are associated with cognitive decline," the study authors conclude that: "Further B-vitamin supplementation trials focusing on elderly subjects with high homocysteine levels are warranted to see if progression to dementia can be

http://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/Research/High-dose-B-vitamins-help-prevent-Alzheimer-s-says-researchers/

Cocoa Combats Inflammation

Cocoa powder is low in fat, low in sugar, and abundant in polyphenolic compounds – antioxidants also found in green tea and red wine.  Joshua D. Lambert, from Penn State (Pennsylvania, USA), and colleagues investigated   effect of cocoa powder supplementation on obesity-related inflammation in high fat-fed obese mice.  Mice that were fed cocoa with a high-fat diet experienced less obesity-related inflammation than mice fed the same high-fat diet without the supplement, said Joshua Lambert, associate professor of food science. The mice ate the human equivalent of 10 tablespoons of cocoa powder -- about four or five cups of hot cocoa -- during a 10-week period.  The researchers reported that several indicators of inflammation and diabetes in the mice that were fed the cocoa supplement were much lower than the mice that were fed the high-fat diet without the cocoa powder and almost identical to the ones found that were fed a low-fat diet in the control group. For example, they had about 27% lower plasma insulin levels than the mice that were not fed cocoa. Further, the cocoa powder supplement also reduced the levels of liver triglycerides in mice by a little more than 32%. The study authors write that: “Dietary supplementation with cocoa ameliorates obesity-related inflammation, insulin resistance, and fatty liver disease  … principally through the down-regulation of pro-inflammatory gene expression in WAT. These effects appear to be mediated in part by a modu

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-06/ps-cmh061213.php

Effect of green tea on glucose control and insulin sensitivity: a meta-analysis of 17 randomized controlled trials

CONCLUSIONS:

This meta-analysis suggested that green tea had favorable effects, ie, decreased fasting glucose and Hb A1c concentrations. Subgroup analyses showed a significant reduction in fasting insulin concentrations in trials with high Jadad scores.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23803878

Dietary flavonoid intake, black tea consumption, and risk of overall and advanced stage prostate cancer
American Journal of Epidemiology, 06/03/2013  Clinical Article

Geybels MS et al. – Flavonoids are natural antioxidants found in various foods, and a major source is black tea. Some experimental evidence indicates that flavonoids could prevent prostate cancer. Dietary flavonoid intake and black tea consumption were associated with a decreased risk of advanced stage prostate cancer.

Methods

· The authors investigated the associations between flavonoid intake, black tea consumption, and prostate cancer risk in the Netherlands Cohort study, which includes 58,279 men who provided detailed baseline information on several cancer risk factors.

· From 1986 to 2003, 3,362 prostate cancers were identified, including 1,164 advanced (stage III/IV) cancers.

· Cox proportional hazards regression using the case-cohort approach was used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals.

Results

· Intake of total catechin, epicatechin, kaempferol, and myricetin and consumption of black tea were associated with a decreased  risk of stage III/IV or stage IV prostate cancer.

· Hazard ratios of stage III/IV and stage IV prostate cancer for the highest versus the lowest category of black tea consumption (≥5 versus ≤1 cups/day) were 0.75 (95% confidence interval: 0.59, 0.97) and 0.67 (95% confidence interval: 0.50, 0.91), respectively.

· No associations were observed for overall and  nonadvanced prostate cancer.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23722011

The effect of body mass index on optimal vitamin D status in U.S. adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001–2006
Annals of Epidemiology , 07/12/2013  Clinical Article

Samuel L et al. – The study aims to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and optimal vitamin D status in U.S. adults. The findings call attention to the importance of identifying individuals at risk for vitamin D insufficiency and its potential adverse health outcomes because the latter may increase health disparities in the U.S. population. If vitamin D insufficiency is implicated for chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, a vitamin D supplementation regimen would need to be readdressed, especially for segments of the U.S. population with greater BMIs.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings call attention to the importance of identifying individuals at risk for vitamin D insufficiency and its potential adverse health outcomes because the latter may increase health disparities in the U.S. population. If vitamin D insufficiency is implicated for chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, a vitamin D supplementation regimen would need to be readdressed, especially for segments of the U.S. population with greater BMIs.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23790345

Whether vitamin D3 is effective in reducing proteinuria in type 2 diabetic patients?
Vitamin D and lifestyle intervention for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevention: an European multicentre, randomised trial -- study protocol Full Text
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 07/12/2013  Clinical Article

Jelsma JGM et al. – Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an increasing problem world–wide. Lifestyle interventions and/or vitamin D supplementation might help prevent GDM in some women. DALI is a unique Europe–wide randomised controlled trial, which will gain insight into preventive measures against the development of GDM in overweight and obese women.

· Pregnant women at risk of GDM (BMI≥29 (kg/m²)) from 9 European countries will be invited to participate and consent obtained before 19+6 weeks of gestation.

· After giving informed consent, women without GDM will be included (based on IADPSG criteria: fasting glucose<5.1mmol; 1 hour glucose <10.0 mmol; 2 hour glucose <8.5 mmol) and randomized to one of the 8 intervention arms using a 2×(2×2) factorial design: (1) healthy eating (HE), 2) physical activity (PA), 3) HE+PA, 4) control, 5) HE+PA+vitamin D, 6) HE+PA+placebo, 7) vitamin D alone, 8) placebo alone), pre-stratified for each site.

· In total, 880 women will be included with 110 women allocated to each arm.

· Between entry and 35 weeks of gestation, women allocated to a lifestyle intervention will receive 5 face-to-face, and 4 telephone coaching sessions, based on the principles of motivational interviewing.

· The lifestyle intervention includes a discussion about the risks of GDM, a weight gain target <5kg and either 7 healthy eating ‘messages’ and/or 5 physical activity ‘messages’ depending on randomization.

· Fidelity is monitored by the use of a personal digital assistance (PDA) system.

· Participants randomized to the vitamin D intervention receive either 1600 IU vitamin D or placebo for daily intake until delivery.

· Data is collected at baseline measurement, at 24–28 weeks, 35–37 weeks of gestation and after delivery.

· Primary outcome measures are gestational weight gain, fasting glucose and insulin sensitivity, with a range of obstetric secondary outcome measures including birth weight.

http://journals.mui.ac.ir/jrms/article/view/9205

Vitamin D, Coronary Heart Disease Link Varies by Race

 (HealthDay News) – Low concentrations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) are associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) among whites and Chinese, but not among blacks or Hispanics, according to a study published in the July 10 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

Cassianne Robinson-Cohen, PhD, from the University of Washington in Seattle, and colleagues examined the correlation between serum 25(OH)D concentration and the risk of CHD in a multiethnic cohort (6,436 adults). Participants were free of cardiovascular disease at baseline from July 2000 through September 2002, and were followed through May 2012.

During a median follow-up of 8.5 years, the researchers identified 361 participants with an incident CHD event (7.38 events per 1,000 person-years). The correlation between 25(OH)D and CHD differed significantly by race/ethnicity. Lower 25(OH)D concentrations correlated with increased risk of incident CHD among whites (hazard ratio, 1.26) and Chinese (hazard ratio, 1.67) for each 10-ng/mL decrease in 25(OH)D. For black and Hispanic participants there was no correlation between 25(OH)D and risk of CHD.

"Our study suggests that the risks and benefits of vitamin D supplementation should be evaluated carefully across race and ethnicity, and that the results of ongoing vitamin D clinical trials should be applied cautiously to individuals who are not white," the authors write.

Two authors disclosed financial ties to the pharmaceutical industry.

http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1710459#Abstract

The Health Perks of Coffee

Good news for coffee drinkers: a review in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology finds that overall, moderate consumption of coffee has a neutral-to-beneficial effect on cardiovascular health. About three cups of coffee daily "appears to be safe and harmless for healthy adults," the review concludes.

The possible health benefits include reduced risks for ischemic stroke, type 2 diabetes, and mortality.

Boiled coffee was associated with increased total and LDL cholesterol levels, but filtered coffee did not have the same effect.

The review notes that while high levels of caffeine consumption may increase urinary calcium excretion, the amount of calcium lost in drinking one cup of coffee could be offset by adding two tablespoons of milk. It did not mention the effects of excessive half-and-half consumption.

JACC article

An Aspirin Every Other Day May Help Ward Off Colorectal Cancer in Women

Low-dose aspirin taken every other day lowers the risk for colorectal cancer in middle-aged women, according to an Annals of Internal Medicine study.

Nearly 40,000 women aged 45 and older were randomized to take low-dose aspirin (100 mg) or placebo every other day for roughly 10 years; 84% were followed for an additional 7 years after treatment ended.

During the total follow-up, colorectal cancer risk was lower in the aspirin group (hazard ratio, 0.80), mostly owing to a reduction in proximal colon cancer, which emerged after 10 years. The incidence of total, lung, or breast cancer did not differ between the groups. Gastrointestinal bleeding and peptic ulcers occurred more often with aspirin.

An editorialist says that while aspirin may have a chemopreventive role in high-risk patients, the increase in bleeding and lack of effect on total cancer or all-cause mortality "should temper any recommendations for widespread use ... in healthy middle-aged women."

Annals of Internal Medicine article

Cardiovascular Effects of Intensive Lifestyle Intervention in Type 2 Diabetes

CONCLUSIONS

An intensive lifestyle intervention focusing on weight loss did not reduce the rate of cardiovascular events in overweight or obese adults with type 2 diabetes. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others; Look AHEAD ClinicalTrials.gov number,

http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1212914?query=TOC#t=articleTop

FDA: Olmesartan Linked to Intestinal Disorder

The FDA is warning that the antihypertensive Olmesartan Medoxomil can cause intestinal problems known as sprue-like enteropathy.

RELATED: Cardiovascular Disease Resource Center

Olmesartan Medoxomil is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) marketed as Daiichi-Sankyo's Benicar (olmesartan medoxomil), Benicar HCT (olmesartan medoxomil, hydrochlorothiazide), Azor (amlodipine, olmesartan medoxomil), and Tribenzor (olmesartan medoxomil, amlodipine, and hydrochlorothiazide). 

Symptoms of sprue-like enteropathy include severe, chronic diarrhea with substantial weight loss.

The FDA has approved label changes for olmesartan-containing drugs to include this warning. Sprue-like enteropathy has not been detected in other ARB drugs other than olmesartan. More information will be communicated following further evaluation of the safety of olmesartan-containing products.

Healthcare professionals are to tell patients to contact them if they develop severe, chronic diarrhea with substantial weight loss while taking an olmesartan-containing product, even if it takes months to years for symptoms to develop.

Study: PCC Can Reverse Effects of Xarelto

Janssen announced that a type of medication called prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs) can reverse the anticoagulant effects of Xarelto (rivaroxaban) in healthy subjects. These findings from an open-label, single-center, parallel group study were presented at the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Annual Meeting.

The study evaluated three- and four-factor PCCs in healthy adults (N=34) treated with Xarelto 20mg twice daily for four days. On the fifth day, patients received either a 50 IU/kg single IV bolus of three-factor PCC (Profilnine SD; Grifols Biologicals), four-factor PCC (Beriplex P/N), or a 100mL single bolus of saline.

http://www.empr.com/study-pcc-can-reverse-effects-of-xarelto/article/301463/?DCMP=EMC-miscellaneous&CPN=invoka&spMailingID=6482264&spUserID=MzI0NDY5MDgwODUS1&spJobID=77316644&spReportId=NzczMTY2NDQS1

More Evidence for Link Between Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Prostate Cancer

A new study confirms a previously reported association between high serum concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids and increased prostate cancer risk, researchers report in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

In an analysis nested within a cancer prevention trial, some 800 men with prostate cancer were matched by age and race to a subcohort of 1400 men. Compared with men in the lowest quartile of serum long-chain omega-3 fatty acid concentration, those in the highest quartile had a significant, 40% increased risk for low-grade prostate cancer or total prostate cancer; the risk for high-grade disease was increased by 70%, a finding of borderline statistical significance.

The authors say their study, when considered alongside previous research, "strongly suggests" that long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids "do play a role in enhancing prostate tumorigenesis." They conclude that recommendations to increase omega-3 consumption "should consider its potential risks."

JNCI article

Why Salt Works for Respiratory, Skin Disorders

Though medicinally used most often by parents to relieve sore throats, salt's multifaceted mechanism of action is being studied as an aid for everything from respiratory conditions to psoriasis and cystic fibrosis.

What about salt makes it so effective?

http://www.empr.com/why-salt-works-for-respiratory-skin-disorders/article/301111/2/

USPSTF Recommends Annual Lung Cancer Screening for High-Risk Patients

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force is recommending that asymptomatic people at high risk for lung cancer be screened annually with low-dose computed tomography (Grade B recommendation).

In a draft recommendation that updates the task force's position from 2004, the group says that there are benefits to screening healthy people aged 55 to 79 years with at least a 30-pack-year history of smoking who have smoked  within the prior 15 years. For patients with significant comorbidities, specifically those who are older, physicians should use caution in recommending  screening.

The group reminds readers that low-dose CT screening is not an alternative to smoking cessation.

USPSTF's draft recommendation (Free)

Annals of Internal Medicine evidence review

Benefits of CT Screening for Lung Cancer Increase with Risk Levels

Using low-dose CT screening for lung cancer prevents the greatest number of deaths (and gives the lowest proportion of false-positives) among those at highest risk, according to a New England Journal of Medicine study.

CT screening was previously shown to reduce such deaths by 20% compared with radiography, and researchers stratified over 25,000 CT-screened patients into risk quintiles to examine whether the benefits of screening varied according to risk levels. The quintiles ranged from 0.15% to more than 2% in 5-year risk for lung cancer mortality.

They found that percentage death reduction was constant across all quintiles, however, the number of deaths prevented was highest among those in the top three risk quintiles (77) versus those in the bottom two (11). Similarly, the number needed to screen to prevent one lung cancer death was 208 for those in the top three quintiles, compared with 302 for the entire group.

The proportion of false-positive results also declined significantly with increasing risk quintile.

NEJM article

Predictive factors of risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis C
European Journal of Internal Medicine , 07/19/2013  Evidence Based Medicine  Clinical Article

Gavilan JC et al. – The aim is to identify risk factors associated with the development of HCC and develop a score to identify high risk subgroups. The application of the score to the cohort let us identify a high–risk subgroup of patients with an annual HCC incidence of 2.6%, in which the screening would be cost–effective.

Methods

· Authors conducted a follow–up study, with biannual ultrasound and alpha–fetoprotein screening, in an unselected cohort of patients with chronic hepatitis C referred for evaluation from the primary care.

Results

· 863 patients with chronic hepatitis C were followed for an average of 82 months. 58 patients have developed HCC (7%). 34 (4%) patients were excluded from analysis due to detection of liver cancer at first evaluation.

· The demographic and clinical variables collected during the first 6 months of evaluation were analyzed retrospectively.

· Cox proportional multivariate regression analysis identified four independent factors related with HCC risk; age, alpha–fetoprotein level, gammaglobulin level and platelet count below 150,000/ml.

· A risk score formula (HCC–4) was constructed which lets us identify patients with low (annual incidence of 0.05%), intermediate (annual incidence of 0.6%) and high (annual incidence 2.6%) risk of HCC development with an area under the curve of 0.802.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23849588

Current Definition of Chronic Kidney Disease Yields Striking Overdiagnoses

The definition of chronic kidney disease currently used in the U.S. has led to overdiagnosis, with 14% of Americans potentially meeting criteria for CKD, according to a BMJ analysis. Previous definitions yielded prevalences as low as 1.7%.

Since 2002, CKD diagnoses have relied largely on an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) below 60 or the presence of albuminuria, without accounting for age. The BMJ authors note that most people who meet these criteria are over age 65 and have an eGFR that's considered normal for their age, with no albuminuria. One potential harm of overdiagnosis is overtreatment, they write, including unnecessarily aggressive blood pressure control.

The authors advise clinicians to "consider the age of the patient and the trajectory of eGFR or urinary albumin test results, and acknowledge to patients that at the moment it is uncertain whether mildly reduced renal function in the absence of other risk factors should be treated or not."

BMJ article

Severe Hypoglycemia: More Common Than Thought, Associated with CV Risk

Two new studies show that severe hypoglycemia can be common even among patients with poorly controlled diabetes, contrary to conventional wisdom, and that hypoglycemia's association with cardiovascular disease cannot be solely explained by confounding factors.

A Diabetes Care study examined the relationship between self-reported episodes of severe hypoglycemia among some 9000 Kaiser Permanente patients and glycated hemoglobin values measured roughly 4 months earlier. The researchers note a U-shaped relationship, with patients at the lowest and highest levels of hemoglobin likely to have experienced hypoglycemia. They say hypoglycemia was "common at all levels of glycemic control," affecting 11% of patients in the past year.

A BMJ meta-analysis of six studies encompassing over 900,000 people finds that hypoglycemia is associated with a roughly twofold increase in cardiovascular disease. This was not due to confounding. The authors say their findings point to an advantage for glucose-lowering agents with a low likelihood of inducing hypoglycemia (e.g., metformin).

BMJ article

The effect of body mass index on optimal vitamin D status in U.S. adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001–2006
Annals of Epidemiology , 07/12/2013  Clinical Article

Samuel L et al. – The study aims to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and optimal vitamin Dstatus in U.S. adults. The findings call attention to the importance of identifying individuals at risk for vitamin D insufficiency and its potential adverse health outcomes because the latter may increase health disparities in the U.S. population. If vitamin D insufficiency is implicated for chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, a vitamin D supplementation regimen would need to be readdressed, especially for segments of the U.S. population with greater BMIs.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings call attention to the importance of identifying individuals at risk for vitamin D insufficiency and its potential adverse health outcomes because the latter may increase health disparities in the U.S. population. If vitamin D insufficiency is implicated for chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, a vitamin D supplementation regimen would need to be readdressed, especially for segments of the U.S. population with greater BMIs.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23790345

Kidney Stones Associated with Higher Risk for Heart Disease in Women, But Not Men

Women with a history of kidney stones face a "modest but statistically significantly" elevated risk for coronary heart disease (CHD), a JAMA study finds. The same does not appear true for men.

Over 240,000 health professionals without CHD at baseline were followed for a median of 9 years. Nearly 20,000 reported a history of kidney stones either at baseline or during follow-up, and roughly 17,000 cases of CHD occurred during follow-up.

After multivariable adjustment, women with a history of kidney stones had an increased risk for CHD, defined as a composite of myocardial infarction, fatal CHD, or revascularization (hazard ratio, 1.30). Kidney stones were not associated with CHD in men, however.

The authors write that "the presence of an unknown inherent metabolic state" that causes both kidney stones and heart disease might underlie the association observed in women. They call for more research to examine whether the association is sex-specific.

Conclusions and Relevance  Among the 2 cohorts of women, a history of kidney stones was associated with a modest but statistically significantly increased risk of CHD; there was no significant association in a separate cohort of men. Further research is needed to determine whether the association is sex-specific.

JAMA article

Counseling for Patients with CVD

Health care providers should assess their cardiac patients for sexual problems "in a timely manner" and offer counseling and medical therapy as needed, according to a joint statement on sexual counseling from the American Heart Association and the European Society of Cardiology.

Among the recommendations:

· Sexual counseling should be individualized to the specific needs of each patient and his/her partner; it should be offered regardless of age, gender, culture, or sexual orientation.

· Current medications should be reviewed, including any possible effects on sexual function.

· It is "reasonable" to recommend resuming sexual activity when the patient is able to expend 3-5 metabolic equivalents of task (equivalent to walking on a treadmill at 3-4 miles/hour).

· Patients should be advised to report any symptoms that occur with sexual activity.

The statement, which is available free of charge on the AHA's website, includes guidance on sexual counseling according to specific cardiovascular diagnoses.

AHA/ESC statements and guidelines page

Uric Acid Found to Be a Confounder, Not a Risk Factor, in CHD Risk

Hyperuricemia, although associated with higher risks for cardiovascular disease and hypertension, is likely not a causal factor, but a confounder associated with higher body mass index, according to a BMJ study.

Researchers examined uric acid levels and did genetic analyses in two large Danish cohorts. Subjects were assessed for hypertension at study entry and were followed for the development of ischemic heart disease.

Increases in uric acid were associated with increased risk for both coronary disease and hypertension, but the associations disappeared when taking into account the role of a common mutation in the SLC2A9gene linked to high levels of uric acid. The presence or absence of the mutation had no association with coronary risk. In fact, higher BMI levels were independently associated with increased uric acid.

The authors write that their findings "suggest that uric acid is of limited clinical interest" in coronary disease or blood pressure.

BMJ article

Oral Ketoconazole Shouldn't Be First Choice for Fungal Infections

The oral antifungal ketoconazole (marketed as Nizoral) should not be used as a first-line treatment for any fungal infection because it may pose a risk for adrenal gland problems and potentially fatal liver injury, the FDA notified clinicians late last week.

Additionally, interactions with other drugs — including dofetilide, quinidine, pimozide, and cisapride — could cause heart rhythm problems.

Ketoconazole's label will now note that the tablets:

        are no longer indicated for Candida and dermatophyte infections or for skin and nail infections;

        should not be used in patients with acute or chronic liver disease; and

        should only be used to treat endemic mycoses infections when patients don't respond to or can't tolerate other antifungal therapies.

FDA MedWatch safety alert

Hydrochlorothiazide vs. Chlorthalidone for Treating Hypertension

Risk for death or adverse cardiovascular events appears to be similar, but electrolyte abnormalities are more likely with chlorthalidone.

 Dhalla IA et al. Ann Intern Med 2013 Mar 19; 158:447

Association Between Duration of Overall and Abdominal Obesity Beginning in Young Adulthood and Coronary Artery Calcification in Middle Age

Jared P. Reis, PhD, Catherine M. Loria, PhD, Cora E. Lewis, MD, MSPH, et al.

JAMA. 2013;310(3):280 doi:10.1001/jama.2013.7833

Should Hypertension Treatment Intensify with Age?

Tryambake D et al., Hypertension 2013 Jun 61:1309

In a feasibility study, targeting antihypertensive treatment to 130/80 mm Hg rather than 140/85 mm Hg significantly increased cerebral blood flow in elderly patients.

5α-Reductase Inhibitors Are Associated with Less Risk for Prostate Cancer Overall

Robinson D et al., BMJ 2013 Jun 18; 346:f3406

And use was not associated with excess high-grade (Gleason grade 8–10) prostate cancer.

Statin Use Incurs Risk for Musculoskeletal Conditions

Mansi I et al., JAMA Intern Med 2013 Jun 3;

Muscle injuries as well as myalgia and weakness might be attributable to these drugs

Statin Toxicity with Macrolide Coprescription

Patel AM et al., Ann Intern Med 2013 Jun 18; 158:869

Risk was elevated in users of certain statins who were prescribed clarithromycin or erythromycin (but not azithromycin).

Stopping Statins May Be Associated with the Development of Parkinson Disease

In an observational study in Neurology, patients who stopped lipophilic (but not hydrophilic) statins had an increased risk for incident Parkinson disease. Lipophilic statins include simvastatin, lovastatin, fluvastatin, and atorvastatin, while hydrophilic statins are pravastatin and rosuvastatin.

Statin benefits in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Statin use was associated in this study with a reduced risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation, with a further risk reduction for statins prescribed more recently or at high doses. The American Journal of Medicine

Energy balance in exercise
Complex mechanisms defend against adverse effects of negative energy balance. These include alterations of hormone secretion affecting the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor system, the adrenal axis, and the reproductive system. Energy deficits are at least partially offset by neuroendocrine mechanisms regulating appetite and satiety. The complex feedback mechanisms reporting peripheral fat and energy stores to the central nervous system involve secretion of the peptide hormones leptin and ghrelin, which act centrally on neurons in the arcuate nucleus and anteroventral periventricular area. Metabolism -- Clinical and Experimental

Predictors in atrial fibrillation progression
This study found that rate control was the preferred treatment for recent-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) in the U.S. but was associated with more AF progression compared with rhythm control. The American Journal of Cardiology

Routine echocardiography not recommended for low-risk patients
A study published in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine showed that routine echocardiography doesn't reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke and death. Researchers tracked more than 6,700 people for 15 years and found no significant difference in mortality, heart attack and stroke rates between people who received and didn't receive echocardiograms. The findings support existing guidelines that only adults with symptoms of heart disease should get the test, researchers said. HealthDay News

Spironolactone to improve physical performance
Spironolactone was well tolerated but did not improve physical function in older people without heart failure. Quality of life improved significantly, and the possible mechanisms for this require further study. The American Journal of Medicine

Thiazide use and hyponatremia
Hyponatremia may be associated with increased risk of death and more subtle changes, including decreased physical and cognitive performance. The authors analyzed the prevalence of and risk factors for thiazide-associated hyponatremia in the adult general population. They found that thiazide use was associated with a fivefold increased risk of mild hyponatremia and eightfold increased risk of moderate and severe hyponatremia; younger age and lower body mass index were associated with hyponatremia. Accordingly, monitoring serum sodium levels in thiazide-treated patients is recommended. American Journal of Kidney Diseases

Study links higher BMI to risk of gallstones
A population-based study linked increased BMI with a higher risk of gallstones, especially in women. The Danish researchers also found that patients who had more genetic variants linked to obesity also had a higher risk of increased BMI and developing gallstones. The findings were published in Hepatology.  

Can Fluoroquinolones Cause Acute Kidney Injury?

Bird ST et al., CMAJ 2013 Jul 9; 185:E475

A case-control study suggests a modest, but significant, association.

Metformin for Outpatients with Psychosis

Jarskog LF et al., Am J Psychiatry 2013 Jul 12;

Metformin was modestly helpful in reducing weight and triglycerides in typical outpatients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective psychosis.

Obesity Linked with Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Adolescents

Lalwani AK et al., Laryngoscope 2013 Jun 11;

Obesity nearly doubled the risk for unilateral low-frequency hearing loss.

Increased fluctuation in blood pressure over time is linked to impaired cognitive function in older people
http://mnt.to/l/4fZg

Accurate blood test for Alzheimer's on the horizon
http://mnt.to/l/4fYS

Glucose intolerance, diabetes or insulin resistance not associated with pathological features of alzheimer disease
http://mnt.to/l/4fYg

Common blood pressure drugs may slow dementia decline
http://mnt.to/l/4fXW

Research approach highlights potential therapeutic targets for Alzheimer's disease
http://mnt.to/l/4fW3

New idea and approach in the treatment of vascular dementia
http://mnt.to/l/4fTM

People who carry a particular gene allele APOE4 can be over 10 times more likely to develop late-onset Alzheimer's disease
http://mnt.to/l/4fSv

Vascular dementia safely and effectively treated by Chinese herbal medicines
http://mnt.to/l/4fSf

Should cancer screening be stopped as dementia progresses?
http://mnt.to/l/4fRg

Higher Cancer Incidences Found in Regions Near Refineries and Plants that Release Benzene
http://mnt.to/l/4fTZ

The taller the woman, the higher her cancer risk
http://mnt.to/l/4fXM

Potential for new, less invasive ways to detect and treat bladder cancer
http://mnt.to/l/4fWr

Children's exercise: Hour a day 'not enough'
http://mnt.to/l/4fZm

Sleep deprivation linked to skin aging
http://mnt.to/l/4fVk

Removing a woman's ovaries during a hysterectomy for noncancerous disease
http://mnt.to/l/4fXB

Full moon affects not only werewolves but human sleep too
http://mnt.to/l/4fX5

Women want answers on sex after heart attacks
http://mnt.to/l/4fWD

45 percent of older adults suffer delirium in recovery room after surgery
http://mnt.to/l/4fWN

How death spreads throughout an organism at the end of its life
http://mnt.to/l/4fTs

146 contemporary medical practices identified that offer no net benefits
http://mnt.to/l/4fSK

The importance of maintaining muscle mass during weight loss
http://mnt.to/l/4fVg

Lovers of dark chocolate show higher tolerance for bitterness in chocolate ice cream
http://mnt.to/l/4fWj

Arsenic in rice poses health risks when rice consumption high
http://mnt.to/l/4fSh

Drinking coffee linked to lower suicide risk in adults
http://mnt.to/l/4fWZ

Discovery reveals key mechanism responsible for herpes virus
http://mnt.to/l/4fW8

Cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetics with dangerously low blood sugar levels
http://mnt.to/l/4fZf

Gastric bypass offers clues to solving diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4fZ7

How to prevent Alzheimer's disease and dementia
http://mnt.to/l/4fS4

The importance of computerized cognitive testing for dementia
http://mnt.to/l/4fQ3

"Take Later Retirement" For Lower Dementia Risk
http://mnt.to/l/4fLj

What Is Xanax (alprazolam)?
http://mnt.to/l/4fLn

Predicting STEMI, the most severe heart attack: JACC study
http://mnt.to/l/4fNN

Gold nanofibers in engineered heart tissue can enhance electrical signalling
http://mnt.to/l/4fNk

Benefits Of Pradaxa Maintained In Difficult To Treat Patients With Atrial Fibrillation And Symptomatic Heart Failure
http://mnt.to/l/4fLh

High Intake Of Sugary Foods - New Data On Bowel Cancer Risk
http://mnt.to/l/4fJn


Identifying which patients will respond to antidepressants
http://mnt.to/l/4fQf

Patients with major depressive disorder exhibit abnormal activation of the occipital lobes
http://mnt.to/l/4fPv

What is Effexor (venlafaxine)?
http://mnt.to/l/4fQL

Taking Vitamins And Minerals Boosts Energy And Enhances Mood
http://mnt.to/l/4fMt

Controlling the formation of wrinkles, creases, folds
http://mnt.to/l/4fNM

People with diabetes have at least 50% increased risk of physical disability
http://mnt.to/l/4fRX

Impaired Glucose Tolerance Can Lead To Cognitive Dysfunction
http://mnt.to/l/4fMs

Cranberries For Urinary Tract Infections - New Evidence
http://mnt.to/l/4fK4

"More harm than good" from red grape antioxidant
http://mnt.to/l/4fRH

Swedish Study Suggests Bipolar Disorder Associated With Premature Mortality
http://mnt.to/l/4fKY


Drinking water boosts your brain's reaction time
http://mnt.to/l/4fPB

Not jesting: humans really do have "bird brains"
http://mnt.to/l/4fNr

Discovery Of New Mode Of Cellular Communication In The Brain
http://mnt.to/l/4fLM

Drinking Water Can Boost Cognitive Performance
http://mnt.to/l/4fLr

A compound in red grapes, including red wine, counteracts exercise benefits in older men
http://mnt.to/l/4fRC

'Functional foods:' Creating and marketing food products that prevent disease and obesity
http://mnt.to/l/4fNR

Consumers confused about the safety of seafood
http://mnt.to/l/4fNQ

Vegetarian athletes can stay competitive by monitoring nutrient intake
http://mnt.to/l/4fNJ

Chemical contaminants in food evaluated by Danish survey
http://mnt.to/l/4fNs

Vegetarians, vegans and elderly at higher risk of B12 deficiency
http://mnt.to/l/4fP8

Adding Herbs And Spices To Food Can Make Up For Missing Fat
http://mnt.to/l/4fMC

Fructooliogosaccharides Provide Digestive, Immunity And Bone Health Benefits
http://mnt.to/l/4fMw

Most Children And Adults Have A "Nutrition Gap" In Omega-3 Fatty Acids Despite Documented Health Benefits
http://mnt.to/l/4fMv

Healthy Food Choices And Taste Rules For Kids
http://mnt.to/l/4fMn

The benefit of chewing your food more
http://mnt.to/l/4fMq

What is metabolic syndrome? What causes metabolic syndrome?
http://mnt.to/l/4fTp

Feeling Full During Weight Loss With The Right Snack
http://mnt.to/l/4fMp

Clear evidence that long-term obesity can lead to heart disease
http://mnt.to/l/4fMF

Substantial Weight Loss In Pre-Diabetes Can Ward Off Type 2 Diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4fMf

Osteoporosis Risk Likely Increased By Fat In Organs And Blood
http://mnt.to/l/4fKP

Longer Duration Of Obesity Associated With Subclinical Coronary Heart Disease
http://mnt.to/l/4fK5

Breakthrough prostate cancer treatment
http://mnt.to/l/4fMP

Walnut-Enriched Diet Leads To Fewer, Smaller Prostate Cancers
http://mnt.to/l/4fLF


Improving gait and reducing fall risk in older adults with a single dose of ADHD drug
http://mnt.to/l/4fN8



"Female" X chromosome has role in sperm production
http://mnt.to/l/4fRM



Premenopausal Women With Low Sex Drives Have "Different Brain Flows"
http://mnt.to/l/4fLg


The stroke-lowering benefits of regular physical activity
http://mnt.to/l/4fPg

Breaking a sweat reduces stroke risk
http://mnt.to/l/4fQT

Estrogen-only therapy after hysterectomy may be a lifesaver
http://mnt.to/l/4fPK

Withholding estrogen therapy cost tens of thousands of lives
http://mnt.to/l/4fQP

Animal Study Finds Estrogen Enables Females To Respond Better To Stress
http://mnt.to/l/4fBT

Preventing Cell Death In Osteoarthritis
http://mnt.to/l/4fFn


Modifying Stress Fracture Risks
http://mnt.to/l/4fHn

Vitamin D Deficiency Speeds Up Aging Of Bones
http://mnt.to/l/4fHQ

Colorectal Cancer Survivors Face Increased Risk Of Developing Subsequent Cancers Of Different Types
http://mnt.to/l/4fGM

Researchers Discover A Role For A Protein That Has Implications For Treatment Of Cancer And Heart Disease
http://mnt.to/l/4fF8

Discovery Of Hydrogen Sulfide Connection Could Lead To New Treatments For Colon Cancer
http://mnt.to/l/4fzY

Colon Cancer Metastasis May Be Reduced By Consumption Of Soy Peptide
http://mnt.to/l/4fzM

Having Type 2 Diabetes Increases Risk For Some Cancers
http://mnt.to/l/4fJ4

Key Mechanism Indentified In Increased Atherosclerosis Risk For People With Diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4fDR

Diabetes Treatment Tailored To Older Patients Yields Dramatic Results
http://mnt.to/l/4fzf

Diabetics Taking Certain Blood Pressure Drugs At Lower Risk Of Heart Disease
http://mnt.to/l/4fzp


New Study Shows There's A Reason Why We "Hear" Our Inner Voice
http://mnt.to/l/4fK6

Hippocampal Neurons: An Executor Of Neuro inflammation In Rats
http://mnt.to/l/4fJH

In Rat Model, Choline Intake Improves Memory And Attention-Holding Capacity
http://mnt.to/l/4fFH

What Is Flaxseed? What Are The Benefits Of Flaxseed?
http://mnt.to/l/4fJD

Danish Study Finds More Pesticides In Foreign Fruit And Vegetables
http://mnt.to/l/4fHK

"Eat More Nuts" To Cut Risk Of Cancer And Heart Disease
http://mnt.to/l/4fH7

Fruit And Veg "5 A Day" Advice Backed By New Findings
http://mnt.to/l/4fHX

What Is Whey Protein? What Are The Benefits Of Whey Protein?
http://mnt.to/l/4fHW

Risk Of Gallstones Increased By Higher BMI, Especially In Women
http://mnt.to/l/4fGB

Higher BMI Increases Risk Of Gallstones, Especially In Women
http://mnt.to/l/4fGW


Belly Fat Tied to Raised Heart and Cancer Risks
http://mnt.to/l/4fFS

Excess Stomach Fat Can Elevate Heart Disease, Cancer Risk
http://mnt.to/l/4fDt

Consumption Of Artificial Sweeteners Associated With Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, Cardiovascular Disease
http://mnt.to/l/4fDj

Although Americans Becoming More Physically Active, Obesity Still Rising In Nearly All Counties
http://mnt.to/l/4fDb

Science Suggests Weight-Loss Soda Drinks May Have Opposite Effect
http://mnt.to/l/4fF9


Omega 3 Fish Oils Linked To Increased Prostate Cancer Risk
http://mnt.to/l/4fD2

New Way To Block Inflammation In Alzheimer's, Atherosclerosis And Type-2 Diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4fsw

Possible Fix Found For Arthritis Drug Side Effects
http://mnt.to/l/4fxB

Cardiovascular Genetic Research Reveals Why Not Everyone Benefits From Aspirin
http://mnt.to/l/4fxy

What Is Collagen?
http://mnt.to/l/4fvW

Salsalate Found To Lower Blood Glucose In Type 2 Diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4ftX

Insulin's Role In Making Breast Milk
http://mnt.to/l/4fxY

High Blood Pressure Reduced By Removing Nerves Connecting Kidney To The Brain
http://mnt.to/l/4fsL

Heart Disease Risk Can Be Reduced By Blood Pressure And Cholesterol Control
http://mnt.to/l/4fs5

What Are Benzodiazepines? What Are The Risks Of Benzodiazepines?
http://mnt.to/l/4ftt

Primary Care Physicians Often Misdiagnose Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy
http://mnt.to/l/4fs4

What Are Calories? What Is A Calorie?
http://mnt.to/l/4fyW

Study Highlights The Need To Focus Dietary Messages On Eating A Healthy Balanced Diet
http://mnt.to/l/4fwV

How Much Sugar Is In Your Food?
http://mnt.to/l/4fxV

Exercise Can Have An Effect At DNA Level Against Fat Cells
http://mnt.to/l/4fxs

Restricting Symptoms In The Last Year Of Life
http://mnt.to/l/4fyy

Older Age Associated With Disability Prior To Death, Women More At Risk Than Men
http://mnt.to/l/4fyx

Mice With A Greater Life Expectancy Are Less Active
http://mnt.to/l/4fxQ

Sex During Old Age Makes You Look Younger
http://mnt.to/l/4fy9

Banned Fountain Of Youth Drug May Be Making A Comeback, Researcher Warns
http://mnt.to/l/4fx4

Ageist Beliefs Detrimental To Older Adults' Memory, But There's An Easy Fix
http://mnt.to/l/4fs8

Sleep May Play Important Role in Heart Health
http://mnt.to/l/4ftx

Link Discovered Between Fear And Sound Perception
http://mnt.to/l/4frz

Pre-Deployment Insomnia Symptoms Confer PTSD Risk Similar To Combat Exposure
http://mnt.to/l/4fqV

Stress: It Should Never Be Ignored!
http://mnt.to/l/4fpP

Fish Oils Reduce Risk Of Breast Cancer
http://mnt.to/l/4fps

Cardiac Hormone-Related Inflammatory Pathway Linked To Tumor Growth
http://mnt.to/l/4fr5

Telomere Length Influences Cancer Cell Differentiation
http://mnt.to/l/4fpw

Stress Can Significantly Impact Your Heart
http://mnt.to/l/4fn5


Aspirin's Preventive Colon Cancer Effect Depends On Genes
http://mnt.to/l/4fn4

Inflammation Links Social Adversity And Diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4ft2

Scientist Working To Break Vicious Cycle Causing Vision Loss In Diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4frS

Transplant With Own Bone Marrow Stem Cells Reduces Insulin Use In Type 2 Diabetes Patients
http://mnt.to/l/4fr9

South Asians Need More Exercise Than White Europeans To Reduce Diabetes Risk, Say Scientists
http://mnt.to/l/4fqp

South Asians Need More Exercise Than Whites To Decrease Diabetes Risk
http://mnt.to/l/4frr

Insulin Differs Between Ethnicities, Study Finds
http://mnt.to/l/4fq6

Women With Diabetes Taking Vitamin D Benefit From Reduced Blood Pressure And Relief Of Depression
http://mnt.to/l/4fkC

The Benefits Of Exercise For Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4fkw

Longest-Ever Intervention Study Investigating Whether Weight Loss Reduces The Risk Of Heart Disease For Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4fkt

Trajenta® (Linagliptin): New Data On Safety And Efficacy In Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Moderate To Severe Renal Impairment
http://mnt.to/l/4fkg

New Efficacy And Safety Data Presented For Trajenta® (Linagliptin) In Asians With Type 2 Diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4fkf

Study Finds Investigational Compound Empagliflozin Reduced Blood Glucose In Adults With Type 2 Diabetes And Impaired Kidney Function
http://mnt.to/l/4fkd

Phase III Data Show Investigational Compound Empagliflozin Reduced Blood Glucose In Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Treated With Basal Insulin
http://mnt.to/l/4fkc

Study Shows Reduction In Blood Glucose With Investigational Compound Empagliflozin Used To Treat Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4fkb

Study Shows Significant Reductions In Blood Glucose With Investigational Compound Empagliflozin Used As Monotherapy In Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4fk8

The Benefits Of Prescribing 3 Drugs At Time Of Diagnosis Of Type 2 Diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4fk6

Right-Left Alternation Governed By Different Neuronal Groups When Walking
http://mnt.to/l/4fry

How Parts Of The Brain Maintain Their Delicate Balance Of Zinc
http://mnt.to/l/4fnT

What We Can See And Hear Is Affected By Imagination
http://mnt.to/l/4fpn

How Visual Attention Affects The Brain
http://mnt.to/l/4fnk

Could A Diet High In Fish And Flax Help Prevent Broken Hips?
http://mnt.to/l/4fpB

How The Color, Shape, Weight And Size Of Cutlery Affects Taste
http://mnt.to/l/4fqG

Brain Addiction To Fast Carbs Is Real, Imaging Study Shows
http://mnt.to/l/4fpg

How The Size, Weight, Shape And Color Of Cutlery Affects Taste
http://mnt.to/l/4fkY

Healthy Adults Who Go To Bed Late And Get Less Sleep At Increased Risk For Weight Gain
http://mnt.to/l/4fqW

Substance Abuse And High-Glycemic Foods May Trigger The Same Brain Mechanism Tied To Addiction
http://mnt.to/l/4fnm

Clarification Of Association Between Overweight And Heart Failure
http://mnt.to/l/4fkX


Lifestyle Changes Reduce Risk Of Prostate Cancer
http://mnt.to/l/4fqK

Late Bedtimes Linked To Weight Gain In Healthy People
http://mnt.to/l/4fqL

Patients Who Suffer Side Effects From Statins Benefit From Specialized Treatment
http://mnt.to/l/4fr6

Risk Of Stroke Effectively Reduced By Simple 2-Drug Combination
http://mnt.to/l/4fng

Drug Combo Cuts Stroke Risk After TIA
http://mnt.to/l/4fp5

Early Arthritis Associated With Reduced Consumption Of Alcohol
http://mnt.to/l/4ff6

Findings Will Help Explain Vitamin D's Role In Seasonal Illnesses
http://mnt.to/l/4fhg

2013 Update On Diagnosis And Management Of Osteoporosis, Published By Maturitas
http://mnt.to/l/4fdV

How Bone Adapts To Exercise Likely Affected By Timing Of Calcium And Vitamin D Supplementation
http://mnt.to/l/4fcn

Herding Cancer Cells To Their Death
http://mnt.to/l/4fgt


Barrett's Esophagus Study First To Probe NSAID Effects On Mutation Rate
http://mnt.to/l/4fbG


Moderation Seems To Be Key When It Comes To Eating Fish To Prevent Atrial Fibrillation
http://mnt.to/l/4fjf

Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Patients Should Be Screened For Depression
http://mnt.to/l/4fhC


Heart Attack, Stroke Risk Increases With Atherosclerosis In Abdominal Aorta
http://mnt.to/l/4fbQ

Protein Being Studied To Fight Cancer; May Cause Toxicity In Cardiac Cells
http://mnt.to/l/4fb8

Diabetes Lifestyle Intervention Does Not Reduce Heart Attack Or Stroke Risk
http://mnt.to/l/4fj7

JANUVIA (Sitagliptin) Compared With Sulfonylurea For Patients With Type 2 Diabetes And Mild Renal Impairment
http://mnt.to/l/4fhz

Eating More Red Meat Associated With Increased Risk Of Type-2 Diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4fd4

Markers Of Beta-Cell Dysfunction Associated With High Rate Of Progression To Type 1 Diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4fcZ

Early Diagnosis Of The Metabolic Syndrome Can Trigger Preventive Treatment Sooner, Before Type 2 Diabetes Develops
http://mnt.to/l/4fcm

Sleep Could Be Key To Preventing Type 2 Diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4fc5

Men Who Can't Produce Sperm Face Increased Cancer Risk, Stanford-Led Study Finds
http://mnt.to/l/4fgW

Low Sperm Linked To Cancer Risk
http://mnt.to/l/4fh7

Scientists Discover Key Signaling Pathway That Makes Young Neurons Connect
http://mnt.to/l/4fgV

Study Of Dietary Intervention Examines Proteins In Brain
http://mnt.to/l/4fd8

Does Coffee Reduce Appetite?
http://mnt.to/l/4fkM

How Safe Is Splenda (Sucralose)?
http://mnt.to/l/4fkF

Vitamin D Levels Significantly Increased By Probiotic Lactobacillus Reuteri NCIMB 30242
http://mnt.to/l/4ffN

Don't Put Your Veggies In Dark Places
http://mnt.to/l/4fh5

New Tool To Measure Sugar Consumption
http://mnt.to/l/4fcK

A High-Fat Diet Impairs Memory And Learning In Adolescent Mice
http://mnt.to/l/4f9h

In Animal Model, Dietary Fructose Found To Cause Liver Damage
http://mnt.to/l/4ffH


Obese Women Who Skip Breakfast At Greater Risk For Insulin Resistance
http://mnt.to/l/4f9R

Fat Tissue's Calorie-Burning Ability Boosted In Lab
http://mnt.to/l/4f9P

Heart Failure And Hypertension Meds May Help Decrease Obesity
http://mnt.to/l/4f9D

Overweight Women Who Lose Weight Experience Improved Memory
http://mnt.to/l/4f9s


The Link Between Circadian Rhythms And Aging
http://mnt.to/l/4fgN

Lifespan Of Fruit Flies Boosted By Nearly 25 Percent By Herbal Extract
http://mnt.to/l/4fcs

Preventing Vascular Calcification May Treat One Of The Main Symptoms Of Premature Aging Disease
http://mnt.to/l/4fb4


A Higher Strength Of  Cholesterol-Lowering Drugs Did Not Increase The Risk Of Kidney Injury After Heart Attack
http://mnt.to/l/4ff3

New Risk Assessment Tool To Predict Stroke In Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
http://mnt.to/l/4fgz

Weight Loss Promoted By Drug Combination In Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
http://mnt.to/l/4fbN

After Uterus And Ovary Removal, Testosterone Therapy Improves Sexual Function
http://mnt.to/l/4f9Q