HHAL MEDICAL NEWS SEPTEMBER
2013
Magnesium, vitamin D status and mortality: results from US National
Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001 to 2006 and NHANES III
Deng X et al. – Magnesium plays an essential role in the synthesis and metabolism of vitamin D and magnesium supplementation
substantially reversed the resistance to vitamin D treatment in patients with magnesium–dependent vitamin–D–resistant
rickets. Authors hypothesized that dietary magnesium alone, particularly its interaction with vitamin D intake,
contributes to serum 25–hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels, and the associations between serum 25(OH)D and risk of mortality
may be modified by magnesium intake level. The preliminary findings indicate it is possible that magnesium intake alone or
its interaction with vitamin D intake may contribute to vitamin D status. The associations
between serum 25(OH)D and risk of mortality may be modified by the intake level of magnesium. Future studies, including
cohort studies and clinical trials, are necessary to confirm the findings.
Conclusions
Our preliminary findings indicate it is possible that magnesium
intake alone or its interaction with vitamin D intake may contribute to vitamin D status. The associations between serum 25(OH)D
and risk of mortality may be modified by the intake level of magnesium. Future studies, including cohort studies and clinical
trials, are necessary to confirm the findings.
Omega-3s Aid in Cancer Battle
Previously, a number
of studies suggest that long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid
(DHA), inhibit cancer formation in vivo but their mechanism of action is unclear. Zacharoula Nikolakopoulou, from
the University of London (United Kingdom), and colleagues studied squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC), one of the major forms of
skin cancer. In that squamous cells also occur in the lining of the digestive tract, lungs, and other areas of the body, oral
squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) are the sixth most common cancer worldwide. In their experiments, the researchers grew
cell cultures in the lab from several different cells lines to which they added fatty acids. The cell lines included both
malignant oral and skin SCCs, along with pre-malignant cells and normal skin and oral cells. The team observed that omega-3
fatty acids induced cell death in malignant and pre-malignant cells at doses which did not affect normal cells, with the researchers
positing the effect as partly due to an over-stimulation of epidermal growth factor, which triggered cell death. The
study authors submit that: “Our results show that, in part, [eicosapentaenoic acid]
specifically inhibits [squamous-cell carcinoma] growth and development by … supporting the chemopreventative potential
of [eicosapentaenoic acid].”
Exercise Helps to Lessen Alzheimer’s
Effects
Population-wide surveys routinely identify memory loss leading to Alzheimer’s Disease as one of the greatest
fears among aging Americans. While some memory loss is normal and to be expected as we age, a diagnosis of mild cognitive
impairment (MCI) signals more substantial memory loss and a greater risk for Alzheimer’s Disease. J. Carson Smith,
from the University of Maryland (Maryland, USA), and colleagues studied two groups of physically inactive older adults (ages
60 to 88 years), who were put on a 12-week exercise program that focused on regular treadmill walking and was guided by a
personal trainer, meeting the WHO Guidelines of a weekly total of 150 minutes of moderate intensity exercise. Both groups
– one which included adults with MCI and the other with healthy brain function – improved their cardiovascular
fitness by about 10% at the end of the intervention. More notably, both groups also improved their memory performance and
showed enhanced neural efficiency while engaged in memory retrieval tasks. Further, the team administered cognitive tests
and conducted brain imaging before and after the 12-week exercise intervention. Brain scans taken after the exercise intervention
showed a significant decrease in the intensity of brain activation in eleven brain regions while participants correctly identified
famous names. The brain regions with improved efficiency corresponded to those involved in the pathology of Alzheimer’s
disease, including the precuneus region, the temporal lobe, and the parahippocampal gyrus. The exercise intervention
was found to be effective in improving word recall. The study authors conclude that: “These findings suggest exercise
may improve neural efficiency during semantic memory retrieval in [mild cognitive impairment] and cognitively intact older
adults, and may lead to improvement in cognitive function.”
Grape
Consumption Correlates to Healthier Dietary Pattern
Previously, nutritional scientists have reported that fruit contributes to dietary nutrient
density and that the consumption of fruit in several forms (whole, dried, or 100% juice) may be associated with a healthier
dietary pattern. James E. Painter, from Eastern Illinois University (Illinois, USA), and colleagues assessed whether
grapes and grape products exert such an effect. Researchers analyzed the diets of more than 21,800 children and adults
using data from the 2003-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and found that consumers of grapes
and grape products had increased intakes of total and whole fruit, as well as vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin B6, dietary fiber,
calcium, magnesium, and potassium versus non-consumers. As well, adult grape and grape product consumers also had increased
intakes of vegetables, whole grains, nuts and seeds along with lower intakes of added sugars, total fat, saturated fat and
cholesterol, versus non-consumers. The study authors report that: “Consumption of grape products is associated
with a healthier dietary pattern and higher intake of key nutrients by both children and adults.”
Fruit consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: results from three prospective longitudinal
cohort studies
British Medical Journal, 09/07/2013
Muraki I et al. – The aim is to determine whether individual
fruits are differentially associated with risk of type 2 diabetes. The findings suggest the presence of heterogeneity in the
associations between individual fruit consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes. Greater consumption
of specific whole fruits, particularly blueberries, grapes, and apples, is significantly associated with a lower risk of type
2 diabetes, whereas greater consumption of fruit juice is associated with a higher risk.
Methods
·
Prospective longitudinal cohort study.
· Health professionals in the
United States.
· 66?105 women from the Nurses’ Health Study
(1984–2008), 85?104 women from the Nurses’ Health Study II (1991–2009), and 36?173 men from the Health Professionals
Follow–up Study (1986–2008) who were free of major chronic diseases at baseline in these studies.
·
Incident cases of type 2 diabetes, identified through self report and confirmed by supplementary questionnaires.
Results
·
During 3?464?641 person years of follow–up, 12?198 participants developed type 2 diabetes.
·
After adjustment for personal, lifestyle, and dietary risk factors of diabetes, the pooled hazard ratio of type 2 diabetes
for every three servings/week of total whole fruit consumption was 0.98 (95% confidence interval 0.96 to 0.99).
·
With mutual adjustment of individual fruits, the pooled hazard ratios of type 2 diabetes for every three servings/week
were 0.74 (0.66 to 0.83) for blueberries, 0.88 (0.83 to 0.93) for grapes and raisins, 0.89 (0.79 to 1.01) for prunes, 0.93
(0.90 to 0.96) for apples and pears, 0.95 (0.91 to 0.98) for bananas, 0.95 (0.91 to 0.99) for grapefruit, 0.97 (0.92 to 1.02)
for peaches, plums, and apricots, 0.99 (0.95 to 1.03) for oranges, 1.03 (0.96 to 1.10) for strawberries, and 1.10 (1.02 to
1.18) for cantaloupe.
· The pooled hazard ratio for the same increment in
fruit juice consumption was 1.08 (1.05 to 1.11).
· The associations with risk of
type 2 diabetes differed significantly among individual fruits (P<0.001 in all cohorts).
CONCLUSION:
Our findings suggest the presence of heterogeneity in
the associations between individual fruit consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes. Greater consumption of specific whole fruits,
particularly blueberries, grapes, and apples, is significantly associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, whereas greater
consumption of fruit juice is associated with a higher risk.
Brisk, Albeit Brief, Activity Beneficially Affects Weight
The current physical activity guideline for Americans is to get at least
150 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity, a week, which can be accumulated in eight to 10 minute periods. Jessie
X. Fan, from the University of Utah (Utah, USA), and colleagues enrolled 2,202 women and 2,309 men, ages 18 to 64 years, who
were free of impairments that otherwise compromise the ability tp walk, from the National Health and Nutrition Examination
Survey (NHANES). From 2003 to 2006, participants in the survey wore accelerometers for seven days, which captured data
on their physical activity. Researchers compared measurements of physical activity based on length of time and intensity.
The study used body mass index (BMI), to measure weight status. A BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 is considered normal weight, whereas
a BMI between 25 and 29.9 is overweight; and over 30 is obese. Results show that for women, each daily minute spent
in higher-intensity short bouts was related to a decrease of .07 BMI. In other words, each such minute offset the calorie
equivalent of .41 pounds. This means that when comparing two women each 5-feet-5-inches tall, the woman who regularly adds
a minute of brisk activity to her day will weigh nearly a half-pound less. Results were similar for men. Importantly for both,
each daily minute of higher-intensity activity lowered the odds of obesity -- 5% for women, and 2% for men. The study authors
conclude that: “Our findings showed that for weight gain prevention, accumulated higher-intensity [physical activity]
bouts of [less than] 10 minutes are highly beneficial, supporting the public health promotion message that ‘every minute
counts.’”
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-09/uou-mia082613.php
Moderate Exercise Does Not Up Risk of
Knee Osteoarthritis
(HealthDay News) – Middle-aged adults who participate in moderate weekly physical
activity do not increase their risk of knee osteoarthritis, according to a study published online Aug. 27 in Arthritis
Care & Research.
Kamil Barbour, PhD, from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, and colleagues utilized data
from the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project study's first (1999–2004) and second follow-up (2005–2010)
to evaluate the association between meeting physical activity guidelines and incident knee outcomes among 1,522 adults aged
≥45 years. The Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity questionnaire was used to evaluate baseline physical activity.
The development of a Kellgren-Lawrence grade of ≥2 at follow-up defined incident knee OA.
The researchers found that meeting the 2008 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
(HHS) physical activity guidelines (≥150min/wk) was not significantly associated with radiographic OA (ROA; hazard ratio
[HR], 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94–1.56) or symptomatic ROA (sROA; HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.87–1.76). Compared
to inactive participants (0–<10 min/wk), adults in the highest (≥300 min/wk) level of physical activity had a
higher risk of knee ROA and sROA (HR, 1.62 [95% CI, 0.97–2.68] and 1.42 [95% CI, 0.76–2.65], respectively).
"Meeting HHS physical activity guidelines
was not associated with incident knee ROA or sROA in a cohort of middle-aged and older adults," the authors write.
Abstract
Interval Training Boosts Women’s Health
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an enhanced form of interval
training, an exercise strategy alternating periods of short intense anaerobic exercise with less-intense recovery periods. Whereas numerous interval training studies have focused primarily on men, C.
Matthew Laurent, of Bowling Green University (Ohio, USA), and colleagues compared the exercise modality to ascertain differences
in benefits between men and women. The researchers put eight men and eight women, ages 19 to 30 years, through self-paced,
high intensity interval training using different recovery periods. All of them reported at least a moderate fitness level
and participation in at least one session of interval training a week. Participants hit the treadmill for six, four-minute
intervals performed at the highest intensity they felt they could maintain. Recovery between intervals consisted of one minute,
two minutes or four minutes. Throughout the intervals, their maximum oxygen consumption and heart rates were measured.
Results revealed a significant effect of gender on both percentages. Across the trials, men self-selected a faster relative
pace, but the women worked at a higher percentage of their maximum heart rate than the men and a higher percentage of their
maximum oxygen consumption. The study authors observe that: “women may demonstrate improved recovery during high-intensity
exercise, as they will self-select intensities resulting in greater cardiovascular strain.”
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-08/bgsu-nrs082713.php
Dairy Foods Reduce Fall Risk
Dairy foods are
an abundant source of high quality proteins and calcium, for which previous studies suggest a beneficial effect on muscle
mass. Simone Radavelli-Bagatini, from Sir Charles Gardner Hospital (Australia), and colleagues studied 1,456 women,
ages 70 to 85 years, categorizing them by their frequency of consumption of milk, yogurt, and cheeses. Subjects self-reported
falls for 3 months. The team found that those women who consumed more than 2.2 servings of dairy per day demonstrated
“greater whole body lean mass and better physical performance.
http://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/Research/Higher-dairy-intake-in-elderly-women-linked-to-greater-strength-less-falls/
Plant Compounds Benefit GI Health
In that gastrointestinal (GI) health is
linked to health of the body’s numerous other systems – from cardiovascular to neurological, Netherlands
researchers investigated the role of polyphenols from dietary sources on the ecosystem of the gut. Using an in vitro
model of the gut microbiota, the researchers assessed the effects of polyphenols from black tea and red grapes. The team observed
that the black tea polyphenols stimulated Klebsiella, enterococci, and Akkermansia microbes; and that red grape extract stimulated
Klebsiella, Alistipes, Cloaibacillus, Victivallis, and Akkermansia. Submitting that: “The study shows that these
complex polyphenols in the context of a model system can modulate select members of the human gut microbiota,” the study
authors observe that: “Black tea polyphenols have differential effects from red grape polyphenols.”
http://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/Research/Plant-polyphenols-may-modulate-microbiota-In-vitro-study/
The Mediterranean Diet: A Prescription
for Good Health?
The Mediterranean
diet is getting more attention because of its long-term benefits in terms of overall mortality and cardiovascular disease
(CVD) risk.
The diet
improves a wide range of metabolic parameters—including blood lipids, blood pressure, and insulin sensitivity—so
it may be a good model diet to teach patients with renal disease. Studies have shown that adherence to a Mediterranean diet
significantly improves creatinine clearance (QJM 2010;103:413-422).
Other potential benefits of
the Mediterranean diet may include the higher intakes of phytates which, due to their ability to bind calcium, may reduce
endothelium calcifications typically found in dialysis populations (Eur J Nutr 2010;49:321-326).
http://www.empr.com/the-mediterranean-diet-a-prescription-for-good-health/article/310697/?DCMP=EMC-miscellaneous&cpn=eliqcard,mpr_slzhiv,forenrh,dolute,cls&spMailingID=6958149&spUserID=MzEwNzk3NDcxNDUS1&spJobID=88378581&spReportId=ODgzNzg1ODES1
Testosterone Study Highlights Role of Estrogen
in Male Hypogonadism
Androgen deficiency reduces muscle
mass and strength in men; estrogen deficiency is associated with increase in fat mass; and deficiencies in both impair sexual
function, according to an industry-supported study in the New England Journal of Medicine.
Some 200 healthy men aged 20 to
50 years first received goserelin acetate for suppression of estradiol and testosterone. They were then randomized
to various doses (0-10 g) of daily 1% testosterone gel for 16 weeks. Another cohort of 200 men were similarly treated and
also given anastrozole daily to inhibit the aromatization of testosterone to estrogen, leading to an estrogen-deficient
state.
In the first cohort, patients who received low doses of
testosterone saw increases in body fat percentages and reductions in lean mass. In the second cohort, the percentage of body
fat increased in all groups as aromatization was blocked. In both cohorts, sexual desire declined and erectile dysfunction
worsened with lower doses of testosterone.
The authors
conclude: "Our finding ... indicates that estrogen deficiency is largely responsible for some of the key consequences
of male hypogonadism and suggests that measuring estradiol might be helpful in assessing the risk of sexual dysfunction, bone
loss, or fat accumulation in men with hypogonadism.
http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1206168?query=TOC#t=articleDiscussion
Episodic Migraine Linked to Obesity
Obesity is associated with increased
risk for episodic migraine, particularly among young white women, according to a Neurology study.
U.S. researchers examined
national survey data on some 3900 white and black adults, nearly 200 of whom met criteria for episodic migraine (168 or fewer
headache days per year). After multivariable adjustment, the likelihood of episodic migraine was 81% higher among obese participants
than among those of normal weight. In subanalyses, the association between episodic migraine and obesity was significant only
among white participants, those younger than 50, and women.
The researchers conclude: "These findings suggest that clinicians treating patients with [episodic migraine] should
promote healthy lifestyle choices regarding diet and exercise routines, as well as take particular care in their choices of
medications prescribed to their patients with [episodic migraine], given that many can affect weight positively or negatively."
Neurology article
Screening for Mild Cognitive Impairment Questioned
"The belief that there is
value in screening for 'pre-dementia' or mild cognitive impairment is creeping into clinical practice, with the resulting
overdiagnosis having potential adverse consequences for individual patients, resource allocation, and research," experts
write in BMJ.
One problem, the authors say, is that pre-dementia does not necessarily predict future disease. They
cite evidence showing that only 5% to 10% of those with mild cognitive impairment will develop dementia in a given year, while
up to 70% do not progress or may even see their cognition improve.
They point out that once diagnosed, patients might try therapies that are marketed for dementia, even though no
drugs are proven effective. And many of these treatments come with side effects; for example, cholinesterase inhibitors increase
risk for hip fracture.
In NEJM Journal Watch, Jonathan Silver comments: "Although development of early indicators of Alzheimer disease is
a necessary endeavor, these research tests should not be routinely used in patients."
BMJ analysis
Increase in Deaths Linked to First-Line Treatment with Sulfonylureas
First-line treatment with sulfonylureas instead of metformin in people with type 2 diabetes is associated with a
significantly elevated risk for death, according to results from an observational study presented at the European Association
for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) meeting in Barcelona. (The American College of Physicians recommends metformin as initial
drug therapy.)
Examining data from the U.K.'s Clinical
Practice Research Datalink, researchers found that between 2000 and 2012, 76,811 patients with type 2 diabetes began glucose-lowering
treatment with metformin, while 15,687 began sulfonylureas (which include glipizide, glyburide, and glimepiride). After adjustment
for baseline differences, mortality was 58% higher in the sulfonylurea group (44.6 deaths per 1000 patient-years with sulfonylureas
versus 13.6 with metformin).
The researchers acknowledge that while "residual confounding and confounding by indication may remain, this study indicates
that treatment with first-line monotherapy with sulfonylureas should be reconsidered."
EASD abstract (Free)
CardioExchange home page (One-time registration required)
American College of Physicians guidelines on oral drug therapy for type 2 diabetes (Free)
Statins and Depression: Too Much of a Good Thing?
Hydroxymethyl glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA) inhibitors (also called statins)
are the most commonly prescribed first-line medications for lowering serum cholesterol.1
Statins also have other pleiotropic effects, including anti-inflammatory properties (eg,
a reduction of C-reactive protein [CRP], tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-alpha, and interleukin [IL]-6 levels).2 They
have been found effective in reducing cardiovascular risk, including stroke, and in patients suffering from diabetes.3,4
It has even been suggested that since statins reduce deleterious oxidative and inflammatory
effects, they might also have utility in treating depression,5 which is thought to be associated with elevated
levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the brain.6,
http://www.empr.com/statins-and-depression-too-much-of-a-good-thing/article/305974/?DCMP=EMC-miscellaneous&CPN=eliqcard,mpr_slzhiv,forenrh,dolute,cls&spMailingID=7044570&spUserID=MzEwNzk3NDcxNDUS1&spJobID=90202906&spReportId=OTAyMDI5MDYS1
Antibiotic Failure: A Weighty Issue in Patients with Obesity
Obesity is a worldwide and fast-growing epidemic and a major public health
concern in the developed world.1Increasing rates of obesity are responsible for a dramatic increase in obesity-related
mortality, with obesity now recognized as the second leading cause of preventable death in the United States.2
It is well established that obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, hypertension, certain
types of cancer, and type 2 diabetes.3 Recent research has shown
that obesity also compromises immune response and is associated with high rates of infection.4Obese patients experience
higher rates of infection-related hospital mortality5 than do their non-obese
counterparts. Frequent infections in obese patients lead to more frequent use of antibacterial medications in this population
than in those who are not obese.6
In people
who are overweight, antibiotic medications have an "altered drug disposition profile" that affects their ability
to attain therapeutic targets. 7 Recent pharmacokinetic evidence suggests that excess adiposity "dramatically increases" the
volume of distribution (Vd) and clearance (CL) of antibacterial medications, since both hydrophilic and lipophilic antibiotics
readily distribute into adipose tissue, which reduces the amount of unbound drug available for pharmacologic activity at the
site of the infection.7 These abnormalities in Vd and CL therefore
can cause suboptimal drug concentrations of antibiotics in the blood, leading to dose inadequacy and resulting antibiotic
treatment failure (ATF).7
A recent population-based
study explores the relationship between obesity and ATF.7 The researchers conducted
a retrospective analysis of 6,179 patients, comparing those without ATF (N=5351) to those with ATF (N=828) to determine whether
overweight and obese patients had a higher proportion of ATF than their non-obese counterparts.
http://www.empr.com/antibiotic-failure-a-weighty-issue-in-patients-with-obesity/article/301112/?DCMP=EMC-miscellaneous&CPN=eliqcard,mpr_slzhiv,forenrh,dolute,cls&spMailingID=7044545&spUserID=MzEwNzk3NDcxNDUS1&spJobID=90202676&spReportId=OTAyMDI2NzYS1
Drug Safety: All Statins Are Not Created Equal
Naci H et al., Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2013
Jul 6:390
In a large meta-analysis, simvastatin and pravastatin
were safest.
Because statins lower the incidence of adverse
cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events — even in low-risk patients — they are used broadly (NEJM JW Gen Med Jun 12 2012). Statins' reported adverse effects include myalgias, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, transaminitis, and diabetes mellitus.
In a meta-analysis of 135 randomized trials (247,000 participants) that involved seven statins (atorvastatin, fluvastatin,
lovastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin [Crestor], simvastatin, and pitavastatin [Livalo]), investigators evaluated adverse
effects associated with statins overall and individually.
The overall rate of statin
discontinuation owing to adverse effects was low (6%) for all statins combined. Statins as a class caused no more medication
discontinuations, myalgias, creatinine kinase elevations, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, or cancer than placebo. However, statins
significantly increased relative risk for transaminase elevations (by 50%; baseline incidence, 1%) and diabetes (by 9%) compared
with placebo.
Simvastatin and pravastatin were associated
with best overall tolerability and lowest discontinuation rates. Compared with controls, atorvastatin and rosuvastatin were
associated with the highest discontinuation rate because of adverse events; whereas atorvastatin and fluvastatin were associated
with higher risks for transaminase elevations (odds ratios, 2.6 and 5.2, respectively). Higher doses of all statins were associated
with higher risk for transaminase elevations. Although low doses of simvastatin appeared to be safest, daily doses >40
mg significantly raised risk for creatinine kinase elevation (OR, 4.1) and transaminase elevation (OR, 2.8).
Clindamycin vs. Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
for Soft Tissue Infections — A Clinical Trial That
Needs Some Marketing
At the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial
Agents and Chemotherapy last week, Loren Miller from UCLA presented a clinical trial on treatment of skin and soft tissue
infections that has widespread clinical applications, yet may receive little if any attention, The drugs were fairly evenly matched in terms of efficacy,
Statin Use Is Associated with Excess Risk for Cataracts
Leuschen J et al., JAMA Ophthalmol 2013 Sep 19;
One more reason to carefully weigh the risks and benefits of statins, especially for primary prevention
Does Ginseng Root Relieve Cancer-Related Fatigue?
Barton DL et al., J Natl Cancer Inst 2013 Aug
21; 105:1230
In a double-blind trial, a carefully standardized
preparation helped many patients.
Prednisolone Alone for Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis
Mathurin P et al., JAMA 2013 310:1033
The addition of pentoxifylline did not improve 6-month survival.
Promote Weight Loss in Patients with NAFLD
Wai-Sun Wong V et al., J Hepatol 2013 Sep 59:536
In a community-based intervention, 97% of patients who achieved 10% weight loss also achieved disease remission.
If You Can't Lose Weight, Maintain It
GG et al., JAMA Intern Med 2013 Aug 26;
By participating in a structured behavior-modification program, overweight and class 1 obese black women
avoided gaining weight.
Repeat Bone Mineral Density Screening and Prediction of Hip and Major Osteoporotic Fracture
Conclusions and Relevance In untreated men and women of mean age 75 years, a second BMD measure after 4 years
did not meaningfully improve the prediction of hip or major osteoporotic fracture. Repeating a BMD measure within 4 years
to improve fracture risk stratification may not be necessary in adults this age untreated for osteoporosis.
Sarah D. Berry, MD, Elizabeth J. Samelson, PhD,
Michael J. Pencina, PhD, et al.
JAMA. 2013;310(12):1256
doi:10.1001/jama.2013.277817
http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleID=1741821&utm_source=Silverchair%20Information%20Systems&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=MASTER%3AJAMALatestIssueTOCNotification09%2F24%2F2013
Both Lower Endoscopy and FOBT Found Effective in Colorectal Cancer Screening
The benefits of screening for colorectal cancer,
regardless of approach, are made apparent in two New England Journal of Medicine studies.
The first study comprises almost 90,000 clinicians followed for 22 years. Relative to no self-reported endoscopy,
those who underwent sigmoidoscopy had an approximately 40% reduction in colorectal cancer mortality; the reduction was even
higher with colonoscopy (70%).
The second study examines
30-year outcomes in some 47,000 people randomized to usual care or to annual or biennial fecal occult-blood testing (FOBT)
during two 6-year spans. Compared with usual care, the relative risk for colorectal cancer death was 0.68 for annual screening
and 0.78 for biennial screening.
Editorialists warn against
comparing endoscopy versus FOBT on the basis of these studies, since screening technologies have changed over the years and
ongoing trials are addressing their comparative effectiveness.
CONCLUSIONS
The effect of screening with fecal occult-blood testing on colorectal-cancer mortality persists after 30
years but does not influence all-cause mortality. The sustained reduction in colorectal-cancer mortality supports the effect
of polypectomy
NEJM endoscopy study (Free abstract)
NEJM FOBT study
The ankle-brachial index for peripheral artery disease screening and cardiovascular disease prediction among asymptomatic
adults: a systematic evidence review for the u.s. Preventive services task force.
Lin JS, Olson CM, Johnson ES, Whitlock EP.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Screening for peripheral artery disease (PAD)
may reduce morbidity and mortality.
PURPOSE:
To review the evidence on the ability of the ankle-brachial index (ABI) to predict cardiovascular disease
(CVD) morbidity and mortality independent of Framingham Risk Score (FRS) factors in asymptomatic adults and on the benefits
and harms of treating screen-detected adults with PAD.
DATA SOURCES:
MEDLINE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (1996 to September 2012), clinical trial registries,
reference lists, and experts.
STUDY SELECTION:
English-language, population-based prognostic studies evaluating the ABI in addition to the FRS and treatment
trials or studies of treatment harms in screen-detected adults with PAD.
DATA EXTRACTION:
Dual quality assessment
and abstraction of relevant study details.
DATA SYNTHESIS:
One large meta-analysis (n = 43 919) showed that the ABI could reclassify 10-year risk for coronary
artery disease (CAD), but it did not report measures of appropriate reclassification (the net reclassification improvement
[NRI]). Four heterogeneous risk prediction studies showed that the magnitude of the NRI was probably small when the ABI was
added to the FRS to predict CAD or CVD events. Of 2 treatment trials meeting inclusion criteria, 1 large trial (n = 3350)
showed that low-dose aspirin did not prevent CVD events in persons with a screen-detected low ABI but may have increased the
risk for major bleeding events.
LIMITATIONS:
Most prognostic studies did not allow for calculation of a bias-corrected NRI. Evidence on treatment benefits
and harms was limited to aspirin and was scant.
CONCLUSION:
Adding the ABI to the FRS probably has limited value for predicting CAD or CVD. Treatment benefits for asymptomatic
individuals with screen-detected PAD are not established.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24026319
Peptic bleeding ulcer cause affects outcome
Helicobacter pylori-negative ulcers were associated with poorer outcomes regardless of use of NSAIDs. Patients with
ulcers negative for Helicobacter pylori and no history of NSAID use had the worst outcomes and had more severe systemic disease. The American Journal of Medicine
Statin use lowers risk of connective tissue diseases
The objective of this study was to examine the association of statin therapy with connective tissue disease (CTD) in
statin users and nonusers in patients with similar access and standards of health care. It found that statin use was associated
with a lower risk of connective tissue diseases. The American Journal of Cardiology
Lifestyle changes may reverse aging
Our comprehensive lifestyle intervention was associated with increases in relative telomere length after five years
of follow-up, compared with controls, in this small pilot study. Larger randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm
this finding. (Free registration required.) The Lancet Oncology
Diabetes plus albuminuria linked to cognitive decline
Data on 2,977 adult patients with diabetes revealed those with persistent or progressive albuminuria showed worse cognitive
processing speed at 40 months compared with those who did not have albuminuria. The results in the Clinical Journal of the
American Society of Nephrology suggest that "using protein in the urine and a very sensitive test of cognitive function
detects people with diabetes at risk for potential subsequent cognitive impairment," said researcher Dr. Joshua Barzilay. Medscape (free registration)
Autonomic system regulation to reduce atrial fibrillation burden
This study concluded that treatment with moxonidine, a centrally acting sympathoinhibitory agent, results in reduction
of atrial fibrillation (AF) burden and alleviation of AF-related symptoms in hypertensive patients with paroxysmal AF. The American Journal of Cardiology
New report reveals global Alzheimer's epidemic creating shortage of caregivers
and lack of support for family members
http://mnt.to/l/4gXR
New insights into the working of the brain and Alzheimer's
disease
http://mnt.to/l/4gXy
New target for Alzheimer's drugs discovered
http://mnt.to/l/4gXh
How beta-amyloid may cause Alzheimer's disease
http://mnt.to/l/4gXd
Researcher reveals new details about the receptor
mechanisms of estrogen's role in memory
http://mnt.to/l/4gWy
Alzheimer's disease visualized as it progresses
http://mnt.to/l/4gWj
Connection between dementia, delirium and declining
health
http://mnt.to/l/4gT3
Fragile X syndrome protein linked to breast cancer
progression
http://mnt.to/l/4gVb
Possible antidote discovered for tamoxifen-related
mental fog
http://mnt.to/l/4gV5
Dog food preservative may thwart pain and damage
of peripheral neuropathy
http://mnt.to/l/4gXZ
Hope for better cancer treatment offered by new protein
knowledge
http://mnt.to/l/4gXS
Discovery of Protein 'motif' crucial to telomerase
activity offers insight in the hunt for drugs to block enzyme highly active in most cancers
http://mnt.to/l/4gXJ
A promising way to boost the body's immune surveillance
via p53, "the genome guardian" in the fight against cancer
http://mnt.to/l/4gXp
Study highlights therapeutic importance of targeting
a broad set of signals between cancer cells and normal cells that support them
http://mnt.to/l/4gXf
New technology presented at OSA's Frontiers in
Optics meeting will help fight cancer
http://mnt.to/l/4gVR
Scientists improve popular chemotherapy drug
http://mnt.to/l/4gTs
Extremely potent and improved new derivatives of
successful anticancer drug
http://mnt.to/l/4gTr
Cancer growth in mice slowed by depletion of 'traitor'
immune cells
http://mnt.to/l/4gTm
Researchers identify mechanisms that oversee the
development of a pro-tumor network
http://mnt.to/l/4gTQ
Vanderbilt study targets DNA of cancer cell drug
resistance
http://mnt.to/l/4gTG
Cancer cell growth encouraged by specific sugar molecule
http://mnt.to/l/4gSD
Lives of patients with acute heart attack saved by
blood pressure cuff
http://mnt.to/l/4gYm
'Silent' heart attacks remain a significant
risk after surgery
http://mnt.to/l/4gWY
2-foot blood clot successfully 'vacuumed'
out of patient's heart
http://mnt.to/l/4gWt
Patient-specific cure discovered for dangerous heart
rhythm disorder Long QT syndrome 2
http://mnt.to/l/4gVC
Chest pain with heart attack 'rarer in young
women'
http://mnt.to/l/4gSZ
New clue to risk of sudden cardiac death
http://mnt.to/l/4gSz
Study supports 10-year colonoscopy screening
interval
http://mnt.to/l/4gWb
Link between racism and depression, anxiety
in youth
http://mnt.to/l/4gVD
Suicide rates increased with global economic crisis
http://mnt.to/l/4gSh
Healthy eating reduces risk of depression
http://mnt.to/l/4gSM
Psoriasis drug shows promise in diabetes trial
http://mnt.to/l/4gYW
Diabetes biomarker linked to lifestyle and demographic
http://mnt.to/l/4gXL
The long-term effects of bariatric surgery in patients
with type 2 diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4gXz
Targeting memory T-cells in type 1 diabetes - results
from the T1DAL study
http://mnt.to/l/4gX3
Steady energy supply to cells during times of fasting
ensured by circadian clock
http://mnt.to/l/4gXc
Life or death for cells could hinge on a protein
http://mnt.to/l/4gVY
Tackling racial/ethnic disparities in diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4gV6
Biomarker of diabetes risk identified
http://mnt.to/l/4gSk
Binge-eating disorder linked to lifelong impairments
in 12-country study
http://mnt.to/l/4gZr
Clinical research study first to compare refeeding
protocols for anorexia nervosa
http://mnt.to/l/4gYd
How body temperature is affected by thyroid hormone
http://mnt.to/l/4gTN
Groundbreaking procedure using novel 'paper-clip'
style device to treat high blood pressure
http://mnt.to/l/4gXF
Automated telephone calls improve blood pressure
control
http://mnt.to/l/4gTB
Patients with hypertension benefit from automated
telephone calls
http://mnt.to/l/4gSQ
Eradicating Helicobacter pylori
http://mnt.to/l/4gYr
Scientists create portable smartphone 'microscope'
http://mnt.to/l/4gWn
Infection prevention for patients and family guests
in Ronald McDonald Houses and similar facilities
http://mnt.to/l/4gWJ
New rapid test could distinguish viral infections
http://mnt.to/l/4gXb
Distinguishing between viral and bacterial infections
using genomic test
http://mnt.to/l/4gWh
Parasite-induced behavior changes persist after Toxoplasma
clearance
http://mnt.to/l/4gWd
Study provides data to focus diarrheal disease response
in remote, resource-strapped area of Africa
http://mnt.to/l/4gVr
How Yersinia spreads within infected organs
http://mnt.to/l/4gT9
New method developed for discovering antibiotics
http://mnt.to/l/4gSS
Decreasing human cases of infection by vaccinating
cattle against E. coli
http://mnt.to/l/4gSF
Neurofeedback can enhance the signal-to-noise
ratio in thought, enabling a sharper focus on tasks
http://mnt.to/l/4gYx
What is anhidrosis? What hypohidrosis?
http://mnt.to/l/4gYj
Right combination of sugars regulates brain development,
from worm to man
http://mnt.to/l/4gXG
Brain activity discovered beyond flat line
http://mnt.to/l/4gXk
A new drug target for Batten disease
http://mnt.to/l/4gVv
Imagination - how and where does it occur in the
brain?
http://mnt.to/l/4gYh
Longer daily wear of back braces is best to avoid
surgery for adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis
http://mnt.to/l/4gWV
Gene that triggers 'memory extinction' discovered
http://mnt.to/l/4gX6
Research reveals longer therapy window for children
with neurodevelopmental disorders
http://mnt.to/l/4gWz
For the first time nanoscale neuronal activity can
be measured
http://mnt.to/l/4gWk
Keeping a beat determines brain's language response
http://mnt.to/l/4gVt
Gene expression analysis shows bird brain an even
better model for research
http://mnt.to/l/4gVc
Brain harmed by low level blast explosions
http://mnt.to/l/4gT5
Inducing neural differentiation via Noggin and bFGF
http://mnt.to/l/4gSL
Neuronal hypoxic tolerance increased by overexpression
of cytoglobin gene
http://mnt.to/l/4gSK
Mild cognitive impairment not improved by cognitive
enhancers
http://mnt.to/l/4gSs
Insulin plays a role in mediating worms' perceptions
and behaviors
http://mnt.to/l/4gRV
Poxue Huayu and Tianjing Busui Decoction for cerebral
hemorrhage
http://mnt.to/l/4gRS
Autophagy and neurodegenerative disorders
http://mnt.to/l/4gRP
What are the health benefits of sage?
http://mnt.to/l/4gZp
What are the health benefits of basil?
http://mnt.to/l/4gYg
What are the health benefits of rosemary?
http://mnt.to/l/4gX8
Researchers explore the effects of avocado intake
on satiety, glucose and insulin levels in healthy overweight adults
http://mnt.to/l/4gWL
What are the health benefits of oregano?
http://mnt.to/l/4gTS
The mind's perception of sweetness altered by
carbonation
http://mnt.to/l/4gVy
Immune function likely enhanced by red grapes, blueberries
http://mnt.to/l/4gV2
What are the health benefits of olive oil?
http://mnt.to/l/4gTR
Dopamine cells critical in sugar/sweetener choice,
leading to a higher likelihood of sugar consumption later
http://mnt.to/l/4gYP
A new way to prevent overweight and obesity - primary
weight maintenance
http://mnt.to/l/4gYq
Identifying good fat, scientists find out how
http://mnt.to/l/4gYH
Weight loss for obese older adults recommended
http://mnt.to/l/4gXr
Sedentary adults motivated to exercise through financial
incentives
http://mnt.to/l/4gTT
Professionals who treat eating disorders are not
immune to weight prejudice
http://mnt.to/l/4gT4
Nerves in the stomach remain desensitized to fullness
after weight loss
http://mnt.to/l/4gSN
Doctors warn that Syria's health structure is
at "breaking point"
http://mnt.to/l/4gSP
Researchers reveal that proteins delivering
leucine to prostate cancer cells may offer therapeutic targets
http://mnt.to/l/4gXg
Unusual combination therapy shows promise for preventing
prostate cancer, UPCI researchers find
http://mnt.to/l/4gTt
Giving up driving adversely affects aging adults'
volunteer and work lives
http://mnt.to/l/4gVX
Study explores the challenges of elderly care for
remarried couples
http://mnt.to/l/4gTf
Managing long-term chronic inflammation to promote
healthy aging
http://mnt.to/l/4gSt
Develop after-sex contraceptive pill for routine
use, urge researchers - political opposition biggest hurdle
http://mnt.to/l/4gXC
Microsphere treatment reverses suppression of immunity
and circumvents antibiotic resistance in gonorrhea
http://mnt.to/l/4gWH
Midday naps boost learning in preschoolers
http://mnt.to/l/4gZq
Fighting fears possible during sleep, study shows
http://mnt.to/l/4gZ2
American College of Physicians releases new recommendations
for treating obstructive sleep apnea
http://mnt.to/l/4gY4
Extinguishing fear responses during sleep
http://mnt.to/l/4gVx
New research reveals 'concerning' inconsistency
in UK services for dangerous sleep disorder obstructive sleep apnoea
http://mnt.to/l/4gW2
Winter viruses may be behind sleep-disordered breathing
spike in children
http://mnt.to/l/4gVd
Wide variation in UK sleep disorders services which
doesn't match need
http://mnt.to/l/4gTw
Vitamin B may reduce risk of stroke
http://mnt.to/l/4gTD
Alzheimer's patients show striking individual differences in molecular basis of disease
http://mnt.to/l/4gR3
Alzheimer's: newly identified protein pathology
impairs RNA splicing
http://mnt.to/l/4gMR
Fish oil could prevent alcohol-related dementia
http://mnt.to/l/4gKz
Bacteria responsible for gum disease facilitates
development and progression of rheumatoid arthritis
http://mnt.to/l/4gQ4
Fear drives young cancer patients to needless mastectomies
http://mnt.to/l/4gSR
Gene-expression-based biomarker predicts long-term
risk of breast cancer recurrence
http://mnt.to/l/4gPw
FDA grants 510(k) clearance for NanoString in vitro
breast cancer diagnostic assay
http://mnt.to/l/4gPj
First randomized trial of targeted cancer medicine
in all tumor types
http://mnt.to/l/4gPB
Versatile microRNAs choke off cancer blood supply,
suppress metastasis
http://mnt.to/l/4gPp
The protein Merlin "arranges" other protein
interactions to control growth and prevent cancer
http://mnt.to/l/4gPf
Discovery of cell division 'master controller'
may improve understanding and treatment of cancer
http://mnt.to/l/4gNX
What is endometrial cancer? What is uterine cancer?
http://mnt.to/l/4gR9
Kiadis Pharma completes five-year follow-up of its
Phase I/II clinical study with blood cancer product ATIR(TM) and study meets primary objective
http://mnt.to/l/4gPk
3 out of every 4 cases of bladder cancer display
mutations in the same gene
http://mnt.to/l/4gNr
Discovery about DNA repair could lead to improved
cancer treatments
http://mnt.to/l/4gMV
New system uses nanodiamonds to deliver chemotherapy
directly to brain tumors
http://mnt.to/l/4gMQ
Advance in using biopsy samples in understanding
environmental causes of cancer
http://mnt.to/l/4gMF
Perceptions of cancer care
http://mnt.to/l/4gMg
Chemists find new way to put the brakes on cancer
http://mnt.to/l/4gLC
Chest pain duration can signal heart attack
- less than than 5 minutes unlikely to be a heart attack, but further study is needed
http://mnt.to/l/4gNY
A tiny channel and a large vessel: A new clue for
heart attack
http://mnt.to/l/4gKY
Pinpointing molecular path that makes antidepressants
act quicker in mouse model
http://mnt.to/l/4gRq
Positive emotion influences a depressive-to-happy
state and increases life satisfaction
http://mnt.to/l/4gNJ
Exercise linked to reduced symptoms of depression
http://mnt.to/l/4gLj
Shingles symptoms may be caused by neuronal short
circuit
http://mnt.to/l/4gMT
Warts prevalent among Dutch school children, half
of cases resolve within one year despite any treatment
http://mnt.to/l/4gMp
Brain atrophy linked with cognitive decline in diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4gR4
Genetic variant linked with kidney failure in diabetic
women but not men
http://mnt.to/l/4gQW
Protein essential for maintaining beta cell function
identified
http://mnt.to/l/4gQH
More than just type 1 or type 2: DiMelli study points
to different forms of diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4gQy
Study finds 30 percent lower risk of dying for diabetics
with bypass surgery vs. stent
http://mnt.to/l/4gQw
Younger women with type 2 diabetes face higher risk
of heart disease
http://mnt.to/l/4gQP
MRI may predict heart attack and stroke risk in people
with diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4gNL
Systematic review: Cinnamon may be beneficial for
diabetic patients but dosing uncertain
http://mnt.to/l/4gMm
Insulin secretion disrupted by increased fatty acids
http://mnt.to/l/4gMb
Can the law improve diabetes prevention and control?
http://mnt.to/l/4gM4
Amino acid with promising anti-diabetic effects
http://mnt.to/l/4gL8
International study provides new genetic clue
to anorexia
http://mnt.to/l/4gPb
'Love hormone' may play wider role in social
interaction than previously thought
http://mnt.to/l/4gPK
Transplanting fat may be effective treatment for
metabolic disease
http://mnt.to/l/4gPh
Study gives new hope for women suffering from recurrent
miscarriage
http://mnt.to/l/4gPq
McMaster researchers find weather patterns play significant
role in seasonal influenza
http://mnt.to/l/4gPJ
Hypertension researcher encourages colleagues to
expand their focus
http://mnt.to/l/4gRp
Testing child's urine may help doctors identify
risk for high blood pressure
http://mnt.to/l/4gQQ
African-American study identifies four common genetic
variants associated with blood pressure
http://mnt.to/l/4gN7
Hypertensive smoking women have an exceptionally
high risk of a fatal brain bleeding
http://mnt.to/l/4gLq
Individual financial incentives, but not practice-level
incentives, result in greater blood pressure control
http://mnt.to/l/4gKG
Study finds medicinal herb Gymnema slyvestre compounds
block the fungal transition of Candida albicans
http://mnt.to/l/4gQn
Low dose antibiotic treatment of C-difficile as effective
as high dose in hospital setting
http://mnt.to/l/4gP6
Biologists uncover mechanisms for cholera toxin's
deadly effects
http://mnt.to/l/4gMW
What is Gynecomastia? What are man boobs?
http://mnt.to/l/4gRd
Menopause for men: estrogen affects middle-aged males
http://mnt.to/l/4gNW
Study finds men are more likely to develop physical
illness than women
http://mnt.to/l/4gKM
Dads with smaller testicles are better fathers, study
shows
http://mnt.to/l/4gKD
Exposure/ritual prevention therapy boosts antidepressant
treatment of OCD
http://mnt.to/l/4gQ7
Lack of support puts young mothers at risk of mental
health problems
http://mnt.to/l/4gPv
Researchers suggest adding a mental health component
to teen health programs
http://mnt.to/l/4gND
Virginia Tech Carilion researchers find surprising
relationships in brain signaling
http://mnt.to/l/4gQq
Study suggests antioxidant treatment may help NF1-linked
behavioral issues
http://mnt.to/l/4gQj
Scripps Florida scientists pinpoint proteins vital
to long-term memory
http://mnt.to/l/4gQb
Acetylcholine secretion by motor neuron-like cells
from UC-MSC
http://mnt.to/l/4gQD
Does longer sevoflurane preconditioning contribute
to better neuroprotective effects?
http://mnt.to/l/4gQC
Breakthrough discerns normal memory loss from disease
http://mnt.to/l/4gPm
New techniques for cerebral white matter fiber tracing
http://mnt.to/l/4gNt
Stress protein expression in early phase spinal cord
ischemia/reperfusion injury
http://mnt.to/l/4gNs
Scientists successfully erase unwanted memories
http://mnt.to/l/4gMJ
First animal model of adult-onset spinal muscular
atrophy (SMA) sheds light on disease progression & treatment
http://mnt.to/l/4gLJ
Role of autophagic and lysosomal pathways in ischemic
brain injury
http://mnt.to/l/4gLs
CDC, NYC Dept. of Health, scholars respond to IOM
report on sodium
http://mnt.to/l/4gRz
Diets low in polyunsaturated fatty acids may be a
problem for youngsters
http://mnt.to/l/4gRw
Latest research on ingredients that make chocolate,
olive oil, tea healthful foods
http://mnt.to/l/4gPX
Edible coatings for ready-to-eat fresh fruits and
vegetables
http://mnt.to/l/4gNM
Scientific symposium on healthful antioxidants in
plant-based foods
http://mnt.to/l/4gMx
More research urgently needed on caffeine
http://mnt.to/l/4gL3
US teens eating better, 'obesity epidemic'
declining
http://mnt.to/l/4gRY
Obesity combined with exposure to cigarette smoke
may pose new health concerns
http://mnt.to/l/4gPW
How to lose weight quickly?
http://mnt.to/l/4gRb
Childhood obesity linked to high blood pressure in
adulthood
http://mnt.to/l/4gQg
New scoring system predicts likelihood of diabetes
remission after weight-loss surgery
http://mnt.to/l/4gNq
Researchers link obesity and the body's production
of fructose
http://mnt.to/l/4gMY
5 percent of US children, teens classified as 'severely
obese'
http://mnt.to/l/4gM8
Simple steps may identify patients that hold onto
excess sodium
http://mnt.to/l/4gQk
Feasibility and effectiveness of a low cost campaign
on antibiotic prescribing in Italy: community level, controlled, non-randomised trial
http://mnt.to/l/4gP3
Mindful physicians have more satisfied patients,
may have better job satisfaction and improved well-being
http://mnt.to/l/4gMs
Web-based screening tool acceptable means of detecting
unhealthy behaviors and mental health issues
http://mnt.to/l/4gMq
Simplifying the diagnosis of urinary tract infections
http://mnt.to/l/4gMn
Test could identify which prostate cancers require
treatment
http://mnt.to/l/4gPR
Aging process reversed with positive lifestyle changes
http://mnt.to/l/4gS2
Older adults gauge their partner's feelings through
knowing, not seeing
http://mnt.to/l/4gNj
Wireless network detects falls by the elderly
http://mnt.to/l/4gLk
'Beauty rest' effect of CPAP sleep
apnea treatment
http://mnt.to/l/4gRZ
Dreaming is still possible even when the mind is
blank
http://mnt.to/l/4gPz
Blacks in U.S. may be at higher risk for health problems
from insufficient sleep
http://mnt.to/l/4gLS
Statins being overprescribed for growing number of
kidney disease patients
http://mnt.to/l/4gN4
Most statin-intolerant patients can eventually tolerate
statins
http://mnt.to/l/4gKX
Study: Racial, ethnic differences in outcomes following
stroke known as subarachnoid hemorrhage
http://mnt.to/l/4gN8
Womb cancer risks decrease with exercise, diet and
coffee
http://mnt.to/l/4gPd
Cognitive decline identified
early through brain circuitry
http://mnt.to/l/4gL2
Salk scientists and colleagues discover important
mechanism underlying Alzheimer's disease
http://mnt.to/l/4gKt
Early dementia screening 'may do more harm than
good'
http://mnt.to/l/4gK6
Blocking mGluR5 can restore memory in mice with brain
damage that mimics Alzheimer's
http://mnt.to/l/4gHh
Faulty internal recycling by brain's trash collectors
may contribute to Alzheimer's
http://mnt.to/l/4gHc
Antioxidant effect of resveratrol in the treatment
of vascular dementia
http://mnt.to/l/4gGZ
Better hygiene linked to higher Alzheimer's risk
http://mnt.to/l/4gHq
Stress-related protein speeds progression of Alzheimer's
disease
http://mnt.to/l/4gG4
Video game 'could combat age-related cognitive
decline'
http://mnt.to/l/4gDW
'Virtual hand' could help treat anxiety and
body image disorders
http://mnt.to/l/4gHk
Stressful life events significantly raise the risk
of falls in older men
http://mnt.to/l/4gFR
More younger women die of breast cancer, mammograms
advised
http://mnt.to/l/4gHP
MRI right before or after surgery does not benefit
women with early breast cancer
http://mnt.to/l/4gGS
Bone growth factor may increase benign tumors
but not malignant cancer
http://mnt.to/l/4gKp
Potential for new handle on treating cancer by harnessing
Natural Killer cells
http://mnt.to/l/4gKb
Molecular marker predicts patients most likely to
benefit longest from 2 popular cancer drugs
http://mnt.to/l/4gHz
Cancer may get help from immune cells
http://mnt.to/l/4gHt
Scientists link a protein to initial tumor growth
in several cancers
http://mnt.to/l/4gGG
Publication demonstrates superior activity of ISA
Pharmaceuticals' SLP® vaccines compared to whole protein vaccines
http://mnt.to/l/4gGy
Blind mole-rats are resistant to chemically induced
cancers
http://mnt.to/l/4gFx
Head, neck cancer care being concentrated at teaching
hospitals, academic centers
http://mnt.to/l/4gGb
Proteins in histone group might influence cancer
development, study shows
http://mnt.to/l/4gFb
Microencapsulation of brain cancer drug BCNU produces
uniform drug release vehicle, injectable through the skull
http://mnt.to/l/4gDK
Explaining why so many cases of cardiac arrest
strike in the morning
http://mnt.to/l/4gJV
Synthetic mRNA can induce self-repair and regeneration
of the infarcted heart
http://mnt.to/l/4gJG
Molecular beacons light path to cardiac muscle repair
http://mnt.to/l/4gHx
Heart attack death rates unchanged in spite of faster
care at hospitals
http://mnt.to/l/4gHf
Data suggests Abbott's test may help more accurately
diagnose heart attacks in women
http://mnt.to/l/4gGk
Biomarker assessment in suspected acute coronary
syndrome could be practice-changing: BIC-8 results
http://mnt.to/l/4gF5
Despite missing primary efficacy endpoint, ATOMIC-AHF
identifies positive trends
http://mnt.to/l/4gF4
Infections cause lower proportion of lead extractions
than expected
http://mnt.to/l/4gDZ
Risk factors for cardiovascular problems found to
be inverse to disease and deaths
http://mnt.to/l/4gDs
Women less likely to die after TAVI than men
http://mnt.to/l/4gDc
Pacemaker for slow heart rhythm restores life expectancy
http://mnt.to/l/4gD9
Common blood pressure drug losartan (Cozaar) reduces
aortic enlargement in Marfan syndrome
http://mnt.to/l/4gD7
TAVI feasible in bicuspid aortic valve
http://mnt.to/l/4gD5
ASSURE study of experimental agent to raise HDL yields
'disappointing and surprising' results
http://mnt.to/l/4gD4
Moffitt Cancer Center study aims to improve
colorectal cancer screening rates among black men and women
http://mnt.to/l/4gJR
Colon cancer detected earlier with new method
http://mnt.to/l/4gG6
Low BMI is a risk factor for CVD in hypertensive
patients with diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4gDY
NEJM publishes Takeda EXAMINE cardiovascular safety
outcomes trial in type 2 diabetes patients
http://mnt.to/l/4gDp
Life without insulin is possible
http://mnt.to/l/4gFV
Breakthrough model holds promise for treating Graves'
disease
http://mnt.to/l/4gDM
Removing the carotid body connection to the
brain in rodents significantly reduces blood pressure
http://mnt.to/l/4gFY
Disease-causing genes spread easily in emerging lethal
fungus infection
http://mnt.to/l/4gJg
Simian foamy viruses readily occur between humans
and macaques in urban Bangladesh
http://mnt.to/l/4gH4
New research identifies a possible finite number
of viruses
http://mnt.to/l/4gDF
Mammal viruses exceed 320,000, still undiscovered
http://mnt.to/l/4gDH
New report highlights that staff, not structures,
are the key to integrated care for people with mental health problems
http://mnt.to/l/4gFP
Shuyusan appears to protect SH-SY5Y cells against
corticosterone-induced impairment
http://mnt.to/l/4gKs
Hydrolyzed or non-hydrolyzed collagen: which one
is suitable for nerve cell culture?
http://mnt.to/l/4gKq
'Y' stents effective for difficult-to-treat
brain aneurysms
http://mnt.to/l/4gKn
Basic fibroblast growth factor protects injured spinal
cord motor endplates
http://mnt.to/l/4gKm
Finally mapped: The brain region that distinguishes
bits from bounty
http://mnt.to/l/4gJj
Prion-like proteins drive several diseases of aging
http://mnt.to/l/4gHC
Experimental compound reverses Down syndrome-like
learning deficits in mice
http://mnt.to/l/4gHm
Trust is a brain habit in longterm relationships
http://mnt.to/l/4gHV
Biomaterials for repair of long-segment peripheral
nerve defects
http://mnt.to/l/4gGX
Biologists uncover details of how we squelch defective
neurons
http://mnt.to/l/4gGw
Brain surgery could improve with laser-guided tool
http://mnt.to/l/4gGg
Discovery helps to unlock brain's speech-learning
mechanism
http://mnt.to/l/4gG5
Brain wiring quiets the voice inside your head
http://mnt.to/l/4gFB
Transparent skull implant provides 'window to
the brain'
http://mnt.to/l/4gF7
Primate calls, like human speech, can help infants
form categories
http://mnt.to/l/4gDn
Fruit flies demonstrate that diet experience
can alter taste preferences, USCB study shows
http://mnt.to/l/4gKv
Could low salt intake increase mortality risk?
http://mnt.to/l/4gJN
What are the benefits of garlic?
http://mnt.to/l/4gKB
Research confirms Mediterranean diet is good for
the mind
http://mnt.to/l/4gFS
Ease of access improves fruit and vegetable consumption
http://mnt.to/l/4gFj
Calorie-counting 'eButton' camera measures
portion size
http://mnt.to/l/4gDR
Oral nutritional supplements provided to patients
during hospitalization demonstrate significant health and cost benefits
http://mnt.to/l/4gCJ
Over 55s more likely to complete exercise on referral
http://mnt.to/l/4gKC
Household routines may help reduce BMI in minority
children
http://mnt.to/l/4gKc
Education protects women from the obesity associated
with urban living
http://mnt.to/l/4gK8
Healthy diet discourages obesity microbes in gut
http://mnt.to/l/4gHv
Insulin levels determine effect of weight loss on
vascular function
http://mnt.to/l/4gGW
Psychological effects of genetic testing for risk
of weight gain
http://mnt.to/l/4gGV
Body weight influences both the physical and mental
quality of life
http://mnt.to/l/4gFH
Curvy plastic tube fights obesity, no surgery required
http://mnt.to/l/4gDD
Metabolically healthy women have same CVD risk regardless
of BMI
http://mnt.to/l/4gDm
BUSM Researchers Call for Individualized Criteria
for Diagnosing Obesity
http://mnt.to/l/4gCB
Florida coastal seaweed could help the body
fend off cancers and inflammatory diseases
http://mnt.to/l/4gJp
Critical new report uncovers the true burden of constipation
in the over 65s across Europe
http://mnt.to/l/4gKg
Spouses play an important role in planning for retirement,
MU researcher finds
http://mnt.to/l/4gGR
Findings on long-lived proteins may lead to better
understanding of the molecular basis of aging
http://mnt.to/l/4gFh
Lack of sleep leads to increased food purchasing
http://mnt.to/l/4gHM
Hibernating lemurs hint at the secrets of sleep
http://mnt.to/l/4gHn
National Sleep Foundation 2013 international bedroom
poll first to explore sleep differences among six countries
http://mnt.to/l/4gFN
Sleep 'regenerates brain support cells'
http://mnt.to/l/4gG2
Brain imaging study reveals the wandering mind behind
insomnia
http://mnt.to/l/4gCK
Sleep deprivation has noticeable effects on facial
appearance that may have social consequences
http://mnt.to/l/4gCF
'Higher stroke risk' in young people
http://mnt.to/l/4gGM
Young people at higher risk for stroke
http://mnt.to/l/4gFF
One-year data from global atrial fibrillation (AF)
registry show antithrombotic agents not optimally used to prevent stroke
http://mnt.to/l/4gFz
Remember to weigh up risks and benefits of new PBS-listed
anticoagulants
http://mnt.to/l/4gDQ
Neurologists use algorithm
for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease
http://mnt.to/l/4gzt
Major cause of age-related memory loss discovered
http://mnt.to/l/4gyZ
Genome-wide survey examines recessive alzheimer disease
gene
http://mnt.to/l/4gxH
Worriers are more analytical, ignore 'gut instinct'
http://mnt.to/l/4gBd
Reducing teacher stress and burnout through mindfulness
training
http://mnt.to/l/4gym
Math anxiety experienced by girls
http://mnt.to/l/4gwK
Emotional control more difficult even with mild stress
http://mnt.to/l/4gvt
Knee osteoarthritis risk unaffected by moderate exercise
http://mnt.to/l/4gzc
Management of rheumatoid arthritis just as good with
specialist nurses as with doctors
http://mnt.to/l/4gyd
Childhood arthritis: what remission really looks
like
http://mnt.to/l/4gyH
Eating broccoli may help prevent osteoarthritis
http://mnt.to/l/4gww
Providing extra oxygen to oxygen-deprived muscle
following injury
http://mnt.to/l/4gvs
Breast cancer prognosis predicted by protein
http://mnt.to/l/4gzv
Drugs effective at preventing breast cancer metastasis
in mouse model
http://mnt.to/l/4gzj
School-age drinking 'may increase breast cancer
risk'
http://mnt.to/l/4gyG
Bone loss in women with breast cancer may not be
prevented by calcium supplements
http://mnt.to/l/4gxk
What is a breast biopsy?
http://mnt.to/l/4gzf
Terminology used to describe preinvasive breast cancer
may affect patients' treatment preferences
http://mnt.to/l/4gxD
Conditions in brain tumor environment trigger previously
unexplained cellular transition and radiation resistance
http://mnt.to/l/4gzq
The absence or presence of a single protein can make
cancer cells more or less susceptible to drugs
http://mnt.to/l/4gyT
Swallowing exercises aid head and neck cancer recovery
http://mnt.to/l/4gB7
Promising therapeutic target for hard-to-treat brain
tumor
http://mnt.to/l/4gxf
Some stem cells are more susceptible to cancer than
others
http://mnt.to/l/4gx6
Microarray-based gene expression profiling reveals
3 subtypes of gastric cancer
http://mnt.to/l/4gx4
Zealous imaging is fuelling unnecessary and harmful
treatment of low risk thyroid cancers, warn experts
http://mnt.to/l/4gwY
Combating drug-resistant cancers
http://mnt.to/l/4gwD
Tumor growth reduced, cancer cells crippled by disabling
ether lipid generating enzyme
http://mnt.to/l/4gvx
New heart procedure could cut death risk by two-thirds
http://mnt.to/l/4gD2
New Eliquis® (apixaban) post-hoc subanalysis
of the Phase III ARISTOTLE trial
http://mnt.to/l/4gCX
TASTE trial challenge current practice of blood clot
aspiration after heart attack
http://mnt.to/l/4gBS
Study finds mechanical chest compressions are equally
as effective as manual CPR
http://mnt.to/l/4gBJ
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival just 7 percent
http://mnt.to/l/4gBG
Preventive percutaneous coronary intervention results
in better outcomes than culprit artery PCI alone in ST elevation myocardial infarction
http://mnt.to/l/4gBF
Magnetic resonance imaging before ablation for atrial
fibrosis helps predict success of treatment
http://mnt.to/l/4gBD
Family history doubles aortic stenosis risk
http://mnt.to/l/4gBB
Discovery of human heart disease in chimpanzees
http://mnt.to/l/4gyL
Light-based techology rather than electric jolts
may in future restore healthy heartbeats
http://mnt.to/l/4gyj
The New England Journal of Medicine publishes macitentan
(Opsumit) morbidity and mortality study in pulmonary arterial hypertension
http://mnt.to/l/4gyK
Personalised management of atrial fibrillation in
the future will reduce the associated excess mortality
http://mnt.to/l/4gwm
No contact with heart needed with new implanted defibrillator
http://mnt.to/l/4gvy
Reimbursement systems influence achievement of cholesterol
targets
http://mnt.to/l/4gCs
Recommended hybrid screening strategy for colorectal cancer
http://mnt.to/l/4gxr
For colorectal cancer patients at VA, wait times
up 78 percent
http://mnt.to/l/4gwf
Bullied mice helped to overcome symptoms of depression
by shutting off neurons
http://mnt.to/l/4gzr
A glass of wine a day may keep depression away
http://mnt.to/l/4gyn
Depression affects men just as much as women
http://mnt.to/l/4gxv
A history of depression increases risk for future
episodes following divorce
http://mnt.to/l/4gwH
What is poison ivy? What is a poison ivy rash?
http://mnt.to/l/4gxQ
FDA approval of Mirvaso®: the first FDA-approved
topical treatment specifically developed and indicated for the facial erythema of rosacea
http://mnt.to/l/4gvX
Potential therapeutic target suggested by finding
that immune system, skin microbiome 'complement' one another
http://mnt.to/l/4gvw
Urine test 'could predict cognitive decline in
diabetics'
http://mnt.to/l/4gCz
Diabetic stroke risk after AMI drops in 10 year period
http://mnt.to/l/4gCh
Study evaluates prevalence of diabetes among adults
in China
http://mnt.to/l/4gBh
Protein in the urine may help identify individuals
with diabetes at risk for cognitive decline
http://mnt.to/l/4gzp
Cells taken from the pancreas have their function
changed to produce insulin
http://mnt.to/l/4gz6
Low adiponectin levels prior to pregnancy linked
to high risk of gestational diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4gyJ
Blueberries, grapes and apples linked to lower risk
of diabetes
http://mnt.to/l/4gyy
Potential new approach to prevent diabetes-induced
birth defects
http://mnt.to/l/4gy7
What is the hemoglobin A1c test
http://mnt.to/l/4gzd
Heart disease risk reduced by early diabetes interventions
http://mnt.to/l/4gwT
Diabetes: gene variant could explain heart disease
risk
http://mnt.to/l/4gwk
Study suggests thyroid ultrasound imaging may
be useful to reduce biopsies in patients with low risk of cancer
http://mnt.to/l/4gxF
Lifestyle factors could be the reason an important
molecular chaperone protein is absent in infertile men
http://mnt.to/l/4gwq
New moms and obese people risk complications from
influenza: McMaster study
http://mnt.to/l/4gxx
Fluzone high-dose vaccine significantly more effective
than standard dose fluzone vaccine in preventing influenza in seniors
http://mnt.to/l/4gwg
Multinational study suggests need for substantial
improvement in hypertension diagnosis and treatment
http://mnt.to/l/4gBg
Pulmonary hypertension reversed by blocking molecular
pathway in rats
http://mnt.to/l/4gxS
Salt intake controlled by brain, not diet
http://mnt.to/l/4gwZ
New secret of spider venom
http://mnt.to/l/4gzQ
Antibiotic treatment can be followed by intestinal
infections. Why?
http://mnt.to/l/4gBw
Gut bacteria 'too low' in quarter of population
http://mnt.to/l/4gz3
How anthrax toxins cause illness, death
http://mnt.to/l/4gyh
Barber Pole worm genome provides an essential platform
to understand drug resistance in parasitic worms
http://mnt.to/l/4gxR
Apoptosis Triggers Replication of Common Viruses:
Children's National Study
http://mnt.to/l/4gxg
Shedding light on the origin and evolution of reticuloendotheliosis
viruses
http://mnt.to/l/4gx2
Doctors Without Borders starts emergency rabies intervention
in Democratic Republic of Congo
http://mnt.to/l/4gvM
Men 11 centimeters taller now than 100 years ago
http://mnt.to/l/4gCm
Why do people feel sick on carnival rides?
http://mnt.to/l/4gC2
Brain development altered by learning a new language
http://mnt.to/l/4gBr
The brain strengthens memories by distributing them
across networks, may be key to reducing forgetting
http://mnt.to/l/4gzX
Addiction to 'Facebook fame' explained by
researchers
http://mnt.to/l/4gBz
What is deep brain stimulation?
http://mnt.to/l/4gzg
In 1st human brain-to-brain interface, researcher
controls colleague's motions
http://mnt.to/l/4gxb
Spouse's voice easier to understand or ignore
in a crowd
http://mnt.to/l/4gyF
Bioengineered myelin offers potential to regenerate
neural tissue
http://mnt.to/l/4gyg
The cerebral cortex is the brain region where memory
associations are linked and stored - not the hippocampus
http://mnt.to/l/4gxp
Non-invasive transcranial direct current stimulation
improves sleep in patients with post-polio syndrome
http://mnt.to/l/4gwd
The brain's internal image of the body shaped
by touch and movement neurons
http://mnt.to/l/4gvv
What are the benefits of wine?
http://mnt.to/l/4gF8
Violent behavior linked to nutritional deficiencies
http://mnt.to/l/4gCN
Insights into the effects of zinc deficiency offered
by potential diagnostic marker for zinc status
http://mnt.to/l/4gyN
US obesity rates on the rise: 113 million by 2022
http://mnt.to/l/4gCx
Big belly increases death risk in heart attack survivors
http://mnt.to/l/4gBT
Weight control: every minute of brisk exercise counts
http://mnt.to/l/4gBy
Lifelong 'safe' exposure to very low levels
of food contaminants leads to metabolic diseases
http://mnt.to/l/4gzJ
Consuming twice the recommended daily allowance of
protein protects muscle mass while promoting fat loss
http://mnt.to/l/4gyM
What is metabolically healthy obesity?
http://mnt.to/l/4gys
Ads for fast food aimed at kids emphasize giveaways
more than food
http://mnt.to/l/4gxW
Healthy metabolic status in some obese people likely
explained by low inflammation
http://mnt.to/l/4gwS
Poor nutrition combined with higher stress increases
diabetes risk in African-Americans
http://mnt.to/l/4gw3
General practitioners undertreat women with atrial
fibrillation
http://mnt.to/l/4gCb
High coffee intake may help against prostate
cancer
http://mnt.to/l/4gvK
Mass screening identifies untreated AF in 5% of 75-76
year olds
http://mnt.to/l/4gCn
Risk of dementia doubles for elderly patients hospitalized
with infections, Pitt study finds
http://mnt.to/l/4gC7
Jet lag recovery sped up in mice
http://mnt.to/l/4gzh
Sleep apnea sufferers may benefit from new surgical
tool
http://mnt.to/l/4gx7
Statins reduce CV events in coronary artery disease
patients with very low LDL-C
http://mnt.to/l/4gCt
High dose statins prevent dementia
http://mnt.to/l/4gCr
Statins lower risk of cataracts
http://mnt.to/l/4gCq
Statins may slow aging process
http://mnt.to/l/4gB6
CHADS2 risk score assigns over one-third of stroke
patients to low or intermediate stroke risk
http://mnt.to/l/4gCp
Impact of atrial fibrillation on stroke risk eliminated
with multiple risk factors
http://mnt.to/l/4gCj
Stroke systems of care essential to reducing deaths,
disabilities
http://mnt.to/l/4gzY
Novel treatment for stroke and possibly other neurological
diseases
http://mnt.to/l/4gw7
'Majority' of stroke patients might have
undiagnosed attention disorders
http://mnt.to/l/4gwM
Mosquitoes smell you better at night, study
finds
http://mnt.to/l/4gCv
What is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)?
http://mnt.to/l/4gwv
